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This systematic review aimed to examine what kinds of implementation drivers and strategies have been used to support educators implementing DBI and what kinds of implementation outcomes researchers have measured. Eighteen studies were synthesized using the Implementation Drivers framework and Implementation Outcomes taxonomy and were quality appraised. We found that the majority of studies primarily used competency drivers to increase teachers\u2019 DBI expertise, while a limited number of studies focused on organizational and leadership drivers. Acceptability and fidelity were frequently assessed as implementation outcomes. We discussed the implications of the findings, including the need for researchers to incorporate implementation drivers and outcomes at diverse levels to best support educators\u2019 implementation of DBI, as well as the limitations of this review, such as the limited generalizability of the findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00222194231220070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]],"date-time":"2023-12-30T04:16:21Z","timestamp":1703909781000},"page":"291-302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Implementation Drivers of Data-Based Instruction for Students With Intensive Learning Needs: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Seohyeon","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5594-4741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Shanahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas-Austin, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bess","family":"Casey-Wilke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jechun","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0597-638X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"LeAnne","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00222194231220070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02796015.1995.12085768"},{"key":"bibr2-00222194231220070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15345084221119418"},{"key":"bibr3-00222194231220070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049731514537687"},{"key":"bibr4-00222194231220070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001440290507100205"},{"key":"bibr5-00222194231220070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0741932516653477"},{"key":"bibr6-00222194231220070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088840648801100305"},{"key":"bibr7-00222194231220070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001440291307900201"},{"key":"bibr8-00222194231220070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.06.036"},{"key":"bibr9-00222194231220070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02796015.2007.12087922"},{"key":"bibr10-00222194231220070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001440298505200303"},{"key":"bibr11-00222194231220070","volume-title":"Data-based program modification: A manual","author":"Deno S. 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