{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T04:26:40Z","timestamp":1793593600723,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,1]],"date-time":"1995-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":799286400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Learn Disabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Ten adults with dyslexia (4 women and 6 men, mean age: 26.8 years, range: 19\u201343 years) and 11 controls (5 women and 6 men, mean age: 20.5 years, range: 18\u201329 years) were tested on their ability to differentiate between real and false traffic signs. The stimuli, computer-presented color pictures, were chosen to minimize the applicability of verbal or written linguistic skills to the task. The adults with dyslexia recognized the traffic signs significantly less well than did the controls. Furthermore, whereas for the controls there was a significant correlation between traffic sign recognition and driving experience, no such correlation was found for the adults with dyslexia. The results are interpreted in terms of a deficit in implicit learning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949502800505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,24]],"date-time":"2008-12-24T02:27:07Z","timestamp":1230085627000},"page":"297-301","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Impaired Recognition of Traffic Signs in Adults With Dyslexia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Gregory W.","family":"Z. Brachacki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gregory W. Z. Brachacki is a graduate student with dyslexia at the University of Sheffield, UK. Address: Gregory Brachacki, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S1O 2UR, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roderick I.","family":"Nicolson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roderick I. Nicolson a senior lecturer in the Department of Psychology, has a major research interest in human learning."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela J.","family":"Fawcett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Angela J. Fawcett is a research fellow in dyslexia for the Medical Research Council. All three authors are cognitive psychologists in the Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/271746a0"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00867336"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"British ability scales-Spelling scale","author":"Elliott, C. D.","year":"1992"},{"key":"atypb4","first-page":"422","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 15th annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society","author":"Fawcett, A. J.","year":"1993"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1809.1976.tb00161.x"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1986.tb00620.x"},{"key":"atypb7","first-page":"113","volume-title":"Dyslexia in children: Multidisciplinary perspectives","author":"Lovegrove, W.","year":"1994"},{"key":"atypb8","first-page":"137","volume":"61","author":"Lovegrove, W. J.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the American Optometric Association"},{"key":"atypb9","volume-title":"A primer in signal detection theory","author":"McNicol, D. M.","year":"1972"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(90)90013-A"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-89949-1.50032-8"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14640749408401142"},{"key":"atypb13","volume-title":"Feasibility study for the development of a computerized screening test for dyslexia in adults","author":"Nicolson, R. I.","year":"1993"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00354960"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.2307\/747348","volume":"16","author":"Stanovich, K. E.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Reading Research Quarterly"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03033910.1989.10557767"},{"key":"atypb17","first-page":"137","volume-title":"Dyslexia in children: Multidisciplinary perspectives","author":"Stein, J. F.","year":"1994"},{"key":"atypb18","volume-title":"Developmental dyslexia: Its nature, assessment and remediation","author":"Thomson, M. E.","year":"1984"},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"Dyslexia: Theory and research","author":"Vellutino, F. R.","year":"1979"}],"container-title":["Journal of Learning Disabilities"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/002221949502800505","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/002221949502800505","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T07:12:53Z","timestamp":1777619573000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/002221949502800505"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,5]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/002221949502800505"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/002221949502800505","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2194","1538-4780"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2194","type":"print"},{"value":"1538-4780","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,5]]}}}