{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T14:30:16Z","timestamp":1791815416573,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,23]],"date-time":"2018-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516665600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lab Anim"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Directive 2010\/63\/EU introduced requirements for the classification of the severity of procedures to be applied during the project authorisation process to use animals in scientific procedures and also to report actual severity experienced by each animal used in such procedures. These requirements offer opportunities during the design, conduct and reporting of procedures to consider the adverse effects of procedures and how these can be reduced to minimize the welfare consequences for the animals. Better recording and reporting of adverse effects should also help in highlighting priorities for refinement of future similar procedures and benchmarking good practice. Reporting of actual severity should help inform the public of the relative severity of different areas of scientific research and, over time, may show trends regarding refinement. Consistency of assignment of severity categories across Member States is a key requirement, particularly if re-use is considered, or the safeguard clause is to be invoked. The examples of severity classification given in Annex VIII are limited in number, and have little descriptive power to aid assignment. Additionally, the examples given often relate to the procedure and do not attempt to assess the outcome, such as adverse effects that may occur. The aim of this report is to deliver guidance on the assignment of severity, both prospectively and at the end of a procedure. A number of animal models, in current use, have been used to illustrate the severity assessment process from inception of the project, through monitoring during the course of the procedure to the final assessment of actual severity at the end of the procedure (Appendix 1).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0023677217744587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]],"date-time":"2018-01-24T09:57:20Z","timestamp":1516787840000},"page":"5-57","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Classification and reporting of severity experienced by animals used in scientific procedures: FELASA\/ECLAM\/ESLAV Working Group report"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"FELASA, Federation for Laboratory Animal Science Associations, Eye, Suffolk, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LASA, PO Box 524, Hull, HU9 9HE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Dominique","family":"Degryse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Domaine de Mirabel, Puylaurens, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Bol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charles River Laboratories, 's-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Criado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Via Fleming 4, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Ferrara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aptuit, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4015-0532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuno Henrique","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigacao e Inovacao, Universidade do Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Istvan","family":"Gyertyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose M","family":"Orellana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Alcala Campus, Universitario Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grete","family":"Ostergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orsolya","family":"Varga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna-Marja","family":"Voipio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_21_2_2_2","first-page":"33","article-title":"Directive 2010\/63\/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes","volume":"276","author":"The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union","year":"2010","unstructured":"The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. 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