{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T11:43:47Z","timestamp":1777895027504,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]],"date-time":"2021-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618444800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lab Anim"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The liver receives dual blood supply from the hepatic artery and portal vein. The pig is often used as an animal model in positron emission tomography (PET) and pharmacokinetic studies because of the possibility for extensive and direct blood sampling. In this study, we compared measurements of hepatic blood flow in 10 female adult G\u00f6ttingen minipigs and 10 female pre-pubertal Danish Landrace x Yorkshire (DLY) pigs. Ultrasound transit time flow meter probes were placed around the hepatic artery and portal vein through open surgery, hepatic blood flow measurements were performed, and the liver was weighed. Total hepatic blood flow was on average 363\u2009\u00b1\u2009131\u2009mL blood\/min in G\u00f6ttingen minipigs and 988\u2009\u00b1\u2009180\u2009mL blood\/min in DLY pigs ( p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The mean hepatic blood perfusion was 623\u2009mL blood\/min\/mL liver tissue and 950\u2009mL blood\/min\/mL liver tissue ( p\u2009=\u20090.005), and the liver weight was 0.58 kg and 1.04 kg, respectively. The mean arterial flow fraction in G\u00f6ttingen minipigs was 12\u2009\u00b1\u20097% and lower than in DLY pigs, where it was 24\u2009\u00b1\u20097% ( p\u2009=\u20090.001). Using the gold standard for blood flow measurements, we found that both total hepatic blood flow and blood perfusion were significantly lower in G\u00f6ttingen minipigs than in DLY pigs. The hepatic blood perfusion and arterial flow fraction in DLY pigs were comparable to normative values from humans. Differences in hepatic blood flow between adult G\u00f6ttingen minipigs and humans should be considered when performing physiological liver studies in this model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00236772211000370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]],"date-time":"2021-04-15T03:29:02Z","timestamp":1618457342000},"page":"350-357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Hepatic blood flow in adult G\u00f6ttingen minipigs and pre-pubertal Danish Landrace x Yorkshire pigs"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6440-2784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristoffer","family":"Kj\u00e6rgaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank Viborg","family":"Mortensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aage Kristian Olsen","family":"Alstrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i48.6046"},{"key":"bibr2-00236772211000370","first-page":"65","volume":"167","author":"Doi R","year":"1988","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"bibr3-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1040610"},{"key":"bibr4-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840160118"},{"key":"bibr5-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26341"},{"key":"bibr6-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200202000-00011"},{"key":"bibr7-00236772211000370","first-page":"21","volume":"15","author":"Nykonenko A","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Clin Transplant"},{"key":"bibr8-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.12.040"},{"key":"bibr9-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00004.2008"},{"key":"bibr10-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/1992.7061719x"},{"key":"bibr11-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.118.083311"},{"key":"bibr12-00236772211000370","unstructured":"Ellegaard G\u00f6ttingen Minipigs. G\u00f6ttingen Minipigs, https:\/\/minipigs.dk\/goettingen-minipigs\/."},{"key":"bibr13-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1997.tb01980.x"},{"key":"bibr14-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-67609-y"},{"key":"bibr15-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.115.171579"},{"key":"bibr16-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.111.088278"},{"key":"bibr17-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hbpd.2018.07.009"},{"key":"bibr18-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-4804(03)00127-6"},{"key":"bibr19-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-9784.185518"},{"key":"bibr20-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000321361"},{"key":"bibr21-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-012-0911-5"},{"key":"bibr22-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357001774985"},{"key":"bibr23-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4804(84)90191-4"},{"key":"bibr24-00236772211000370","first-page":"795","volume":"42","author":"Munk OL","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"bibr25-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-010-1620-0"},{"key":"bibr26-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20519"},{"key":"bibr27-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840210515"},{"key":"bibr28-00236772211000370","volume-title":"Report of the Task Group on Reference Man","author":"ICRP.","year":"1975"},{"key":"bibr29-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1971.51.1.23"},{"key":"bibr30-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018943613122"},{"key":"bibr31-00236772211000370","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840090222"}],"container-title":["Laboratory Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00236772211000370","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00236772211000370","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00236772211000370","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T07:40:15Z","timestamp":1777621215000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00236772211000370"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00236772211000370"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00236772211000370","relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-6772","1758-1117"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-6772","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1117","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,15]]}}}