{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T22:47:55Z","timestamp":1791413275572,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,12,1]],"date-time":"1999-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":944006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lang Speech"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The role of vertical larynx movement in vocal frequency (F0) change has attracted the attention of many researchers. Recently, Hirai, Honda, Fujimoto, and Shimada(1994)proposed a mechanism of F0 control by vertical larynx movement based on the measurement of magnetic resonance images(MRI). In F0 changes, the larynx moves vertically along the cervical spine, which displays anterior convexity (lordosis) at the level of the larynx. Therefore, the vertical larynx movement results in the rotation of the cricoid cartilage and vocal fold tension changes. The present study reexamines the above mechanism based on a qualitative analysis of midsagittal MRI data using three male subjects with evident cervical lordosis. Tracings of the jaw, hyoid bone, laryngeal cartilage, and cervical spine were compared in high and low F0 ranges. In the high F0 range, the hyoid bone moved horizontally while the larynx height remained relatively constant. In the low F0 range, the entire larynx moved vertically, and the cricoid cartilage rotated along the cervical lordosis. These results indicate that the vertical movement of the larynx comprises an effective F0 lowering mechanism, and suggestthat the human morphologies of low larynx position and spinal curvature contribute to voluntary use of the vocal function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00238309990420040301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,7]],"date-time":"2009-02-07T04:47:56Z","timestamp":1233982076000},"page":"401-411","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["Role of Vertical Larynx Movement and Cervical Lordosis in F0 Control"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Honda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ATR Human Information Processing Research Laboratories,\rKyoto, Japan, honda@ hip.atr.co.jp"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Hirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanyo Electric, Co., Hypermedia Research Center, Osaka,\rJapan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinobu","family":"Masaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ATR Human Information Processing Research Laboratories,\rKyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Shimada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Takanohara Central Hospital, Nara, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-196107000-00002"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453675908988803"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.381716"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.401949"},{"key":"atypb5","volume-title":"The vowel: Its nature and structure","author":"Chiba,T.","year":"1941"},{"key":"atypb6","volume-title":"Functional anatomy of the newborn","author":"Crelin, E.S.","year":"1973"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1937.sp003556"},{"key":"atypb8","volume-title":"Gray's anatomy, 3","author":"Davis, C.V.","year":"1967","edition":"4"},{"key":"atypb9","volume-title":"Evolution of the speech apparatus","author":"Dubrul, E.L.","year":"1958"},{"key":"atypb10","first-page":"135","volume":"27","author":"Erickson, D.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Annual Bulletin of the Research Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-4470(19)31302-6"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016486009124468"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-197511000-00035"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000259774"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002383099403700201"},{"key":"atypb16","first-page":"296","volume":"50","author":"Hirai, H.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of the Acoustical Society of Japan"},{"key":"atypb17","unstructured":"Honda, K. (1983). Relationship between pitch control and vowel articulation . In D. M. Bless & J. H. Abbs (Eds.), Vocal fold physiology (pp.286-297), San Diego: College-Hill Press."},{"key":"atypb18","unstructured":"Honda, K. (1985). Variability analysis of laryngeal muscle activities . In R. Schearer & I. Titze (Eds.), Vocal fold physiology (pp. 127-137). Denver: Denver Center for Performing Arts."},{"key":"atypb19","unstructured":"Honda, K. (1995). Laryngeal and extralaryngeal mechanisms of F0 control. In F. Bell-Berti & L.J. Raphael (Eds.), Producing speech: Contemporary issues (pp.215-232). New York: American Institute of Physics."},{"key":"atypb20","unstructured":"Honda, K., Hirai, H., Estill, J. & Tokhura,Y. (1995). Contribution of vocal tract shape to voice quality: MRI data and articulatory modeling. In O. Fujimura & M. Hirano (Eds.), Vocal fold physiology, Voice quality control (pp.2 3-38). San Diego: Singular Publishing Group."},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.380916"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1927.00600010511002"},{"key":"atypb23","first-page":"27","volume":"7","author":"Lindqvist, J.","year":"1973","journal-title":"Annual Bulletin of the Research Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940401300106"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016483509118120"},{"key":"atypb26","unstructured":"Niimi,S., Horiguchi,S. & Kobayashi, N. (1991). F0 raising role of the sternothyroid muscle: An electromyographic study of two tenors. In J. Gauffin & B. Hammerberg (Eds.), Vocal fold physiology (pp.183-188). San Diego: Singular Publishing."},{"key":"atypb27","volume-title":"Okajima Anatomie, vol.1, Knochen-und Banderlehre","author":"Okajima, K.","year":"1959"},{"key":"atypb28","first-page":"9","author":"Ohala, J.J.","year":"1973","journal-title":"Memorandum"},{"key":"atypb29","first-page":"41","volume":"4","author":"Ohala, J.J.","year":"1970","journal-title":"Annual Bulletin of the Research Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics"},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(89)80121-3"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.1804.707"},{"key":"atypb32","first-page":"27","volume":"4","author":"Simada, Z.","year":"1970","journal-title":"Annual Bulletin of the Research Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics"},{"key":"atypb33","volume":"130","author":"Sonninen, A.","year":"1956","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngologica"},{"key":"atypb34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1968.tb56750.x"},{"key":"atypb35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-4470(95)80165-0"},{"key":"atypb36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-194411000-00001"},{"key":"atypb37","unstructured":"Zenker, W. (1964). Questions regarding the function of external laryngeal muscles: Research potentials in voice physiology (pp.20-40), New York: State Universityof New York."}],"container-title":["Language and Speech"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00238309990420040301","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00238309990420040301","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T08:14:36Z","timestamp":1777623276000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00238309990420040301"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,12]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00238309990420040301"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00238309990420040301","relation":{},"ISSN":["0023-8309","1756-6053"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0023-8309","type":"print"},{"value":"1756-6053","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,12]]}}}