{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T12:47:09Z","timestamp":1792068429901,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Linacre Q"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Canada introduced Medical assistance in dying (MAiD) in 2016, and it now accounts for more than 5% of all deaths in the country. Although it is framed as a healthcare service, MAiD is fundamentally incompatible with medicine. There are procedural, philosophical, and ethical distinctions between MAiD and palliative care, which are also confirmed by major national and international organizations including the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Canadian Society of Palliative Medicine. MAiD contradicts the foundational principles of medicine, including the Hippocratic Oath's prohibition against administering lethal substances. The intentional killing of a patient, regardless of consent, cannot constitute a therapeutic act. Normalized terminology and systemic underfunding of palliative care obscure these distinctions and risk eroding the physician\u2013patient relationship.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00243639261492161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T14:25:22Z","timestamp":1791815122000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Why Canadian MAiD is Not a Medical Procedure"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6309-7530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uzair","family":"Jamil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Western University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua M.","family":"Pearce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","unstructured":"American Medical Association. 2026a. \u201cPhysician-Assisted Suicide.\u201d AMA Code of Medical Ethics. https:\/\/code-medical-ethics.ama-assn.org\/ethics-opinions\/physician-assisted-suicide."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","unstructured":"American Medical Association. 2026b. \u201cEuthanasia.\u201d AMA Code of Medical Ethics. https:\/\/code-medical-ethics.ama-assn.org\/ethics-opinions\/euthanasia."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","unstructured":"American Society of Anesthesiologists. 2021. \u201cStatement on Physician Nonparticipation in Legally Authorized Executions.\u201d https:\/\/www.asahq.org\/standards-and-practice-parameters\/statement-on-physician-nonparticipation-in-legally-authorized-executions."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-010-0604-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08258597221078371"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-020-00556-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","unstructured":"CHPCA and CSPCP. 2019a. \u201cJoint Call to Action: Hospice Palliative Care and MAiD.\u201d Accessed April 3 2026. https:\/\/pilgrimshospice.com\/chpca-and-cspcp-joint-call-to-action\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","unstructured":"CHPCA and CSPCP. 2019b. \u201cCHPCA and CSPCP\u2014Joint Call to Action.\u201d Accessed April 3 2026. https:\/\/www.newswire.ca\/news-releases\/chpca-and-cspcp-joint-call-to-action-857786533.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1478951523001025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-048698"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2016.0290"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hast.4910"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10730-022-09495-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","article-title":"Government Economics of Expanding Canada\u2019s Medical Assistance in Dying to Vulnerable Populations and the Ethical Implications of Allowing the State to Control Death","author":"Jamil, U., and Pearce, J. M","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jamil, U., and Pearce, J. M. 2025. \u201cGovernment Economics of Expanding Canada\u2019s Medical Assistance in Dying to Vulnerable Populations and the Ethical Implications of Allowing the State to Control Death.\u201d OMEGA\u2014Journal of Death and Dying. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00302228251323299.","journal-title":"OMEGA\u2014Journal of Death and Dying"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2017.0431"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","first-page":"833","article-title":"Involvement of Palliative Care in Patients Requesting Medical Assistance in Dying","volume":"66","author":"Munro Camille","year":"2020","unstructured":"Munro Camille, Romanova Anna, Webber Colleen, Kekewich Michael, Richard Rayelle, Tanuseputro Peter. 2020. \u201cInvolvement of Palliative Care in Patients Requesting Medical Assistance in Dying.\u201d Canadian Family Physician 66 (11): 833\u2013842.","journal-title":"Canadian Family Physician"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","unstructured":"National Hospice & Palliative Care Organization. 2005. Commentary and Resolution on Physician Assisted Suicide."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7202\/1084456ar"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","unstructured":"Parliament of Canada. 2026. Medical Assistance in Dying and Mental Disorder as the Sole Underlying Condition: An Interim Report."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2020.04.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216315616524"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","first-page":"225","article-title":"Endgame: Philosophical, Clinical and Legal Distinctions Between Palliative Care and Termination of Life","volume":"85","author":"Shariff M.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shariff M., Gingerich M.. 2018. \u201cEndgame: Philosophical, Clinical and Legal Distinctions Between Palliative Care and Termination of Life.\u201d Second Series Supreme Court Law Review 85: 225\u2013294. https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=3191962.","journal-title":"Second Series Supreme Court Law Review"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-135-3-200108070-00015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M17-0938"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","unstructured":"Standing Committee on Health. 2020. Evidence\u2014HESA (43-1)\u2014No. 7. 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