{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:07:30Z","timestamp":1777896450236,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]],"date-time":"2015-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Med Leg J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Intra-partum (IP) surveillance of the unborn child by cardiotacography (CTG) monitoring is the commonest obstetric procedure in the developed world.\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    It is also the most medico-legally contested obstetric procedure in labour. In 2011, \u2018birth asphyxia\u2019 comprised 50% of the UK National Health Service (NHS) litigation costs,\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    and in the 2000\u20132010 decade, the same NHS paid out \u00a33.1 billion for maternity medico-legal claims (the highest of any speciality), mostly involving cerebral palsy and CTG misinterpretation.\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    This article looks at a number of characteristics of IP CTG monitoring which argue for its questionable solidity of base in court proceedings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0025817215593895","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]],"date-time":"2015-08-14T22:05:23Z","timestamp":1439589923000},"page":"42-45","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The shifting sands of medico-legal intra-partum Ctg (I-P Ctg) monitoring"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"George G","family":"Buttigieg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mater Dei Hospital, Malta"},{"name":"University of Malta, Malta"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0025817215593895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ojog.2013.36085"},{"key":"bibr2-0025817215593895","unstructured":"NHS Litigation Authority.\n                      Factsheet 3: information on claims\n                      . London: NHSLA, 2011, http:\/\/www.nhsla.com."},{"key":"bibr3-0025817215593895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e7290"},{"key":"bibr4-0025817215593895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38971.466979.DE"},{"key":"bibr5-0025817215593895","unstructured":"This is one theoretical argumentation which is not used in this case."},{"key":"bibr6-0025817215593895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340701797567"},{"key":"bibr7-0025817215593895","unstructured":"Ibid."},{"key":"bibr8-0025817215593895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gyobfe.2011.01.015"},{"key":"bibr9-0025817215593895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogrm.2013.12.005"},{"key":"bibr10-0025817215593895","unstructured":"Roberto Caldeyro-Barcia did pioneering studies on the effect of maternal uterine contractions on fetal heart rate in 1958 and in 1967 completely altered his original CTG classification."},{"key":"bibr11-0025817215593895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199603073341001"},{"key":"bibr12-0025817215593895","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g4279"}],"container-title":["Medico-Legal Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0025817215593895","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0025817215593895","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0025817215593895","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T08:23:46Z","timestamp":1777623826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0025817215593895"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0025817215593895"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0025817215593895","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-8172","2042-1834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-8172","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-1834","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]]}}}