{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:07:11Z","timestamp":1777896431805,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Med Leg J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Scanning electron microscopy is a technique that provides high-resolution images at the micro- and nano-scale. The combination of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis is developing fast for application in forensic science. In this work, we report a case of work-related traumatic death of a 50-year-old man. The autopsy showed cranial fractures with cerebral haemorrhage. It was more difficult to understand the accident dynamics because the body had been shifted from the accident site to mask what had really taken place. Scanning electron microscopy\/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to identify the material of the impacting tool and to establish the possible legal responsibility of the employer. In this study, we demonstrate that scanning electron microscopy\/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy is a useful forensic tool for the analysis of biological samples. Further, for studying the lacerations on the corpse from doubtful blunt tools, scanning electron microscopy\/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy can assist in demonstrating that the scene has been falsified, as it was in this case.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0025817219891085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T11:33:22Z","timestamp":1585740802000},"page":"163-168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The use of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in a case of occupational death"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"I","family":"Aquila","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine, Magna Gr\u00e6cia, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Boca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O. di Medicina Legale, ASL Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine, Magna Gr\u00e6cia, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Perozziello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Gr\u00e6cia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Candeloro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Gr\u00e6cia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Di Fabrizio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Gr\u00e6cia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Malara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Gr\u00e6cia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Gratteri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine, Magna Gr\u00e6cia, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MA","family":"Sacco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine, Magna Gr\u00e6cia, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Francardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Gr\u00e6cia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0025817219891085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000317"},{"key":"bibr2-0025817219891085","unstructured":"Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali Ceramici. Spettroscopia EDX, www.istec.cnr.it\/index.php\/risorse\/competenze\/43-caratteristiche-chimico-fisiche\/129-spettroscopia-x-a-dispersione-di-energia-edx (accessed 3 October 2016)."},{"key":"bibr3-0025817219891085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-011-0661-7"},{"key":"bibr4-0025817219891085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.12700"},{"key":"bibr5-0025817219891085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.03.049"},{"key":"bibr6-0025817219891085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2008.00905.x"},{"key":"bibr7-0025817219891085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2009.01217.x"},{"key":"bibr8-0025817219891085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2006.03.001"},{"key":"bibr9-0025817219891085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.12567"},{"key":"bibr10-0025817219891085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muccino E, Giovanetti GF, Crudele GD, et\u00a0al. Characterisation of the weapon used in a patricide by SEM\/EDS analysis of a microscopic trace from the object.\n                      Med Sci Law\n                      2015; 56: 221\u2013226.","DOI":"10.1177\/0025802415623094"},{"key":"bibr11-0025817219891085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2009.01158.x"},{"key":"bibr12-0025817219891085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2015.08.003"},{"key":"bibr13-0025817219891085","first-page":"126","volume":"31","author":"Gan ZL","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"bibr14-0025817219891085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2015.01.035"},{"key":"bibr15-0025817219891085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0254-0584(03)00018-X"}],"container-title":["Medico-Legal Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0025817219891085","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0025817219891085","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0025817219891085","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T08:26:06Z","timestamp":1777623966000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0025817219891085"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0025817219891085"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0025817219891085","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-8172","2042-1834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-8172","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-1834","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]}}}