{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T04:51:33Z","timestamp":1780548693247,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696377600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Med Leg J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose of the study<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To discover the precise reasons for referring a doctor to the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service, and whether there are any disparities between referrals of international medical graduates and UK graduates. Further to consider whether understanding the precise reasons would provide insight into the nature of referrals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We collected and analysed the data from the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service website over a period of 12 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were 228 cases of which 142 (62%) were international medical graduates and 86 (38%) were UK graduates. More international medical graduates were referred for professional misconduct, poor performance and lack of adequate English language. The common reasons for professional misconduct were providing sub-optimal care, sexual misconduct and dishonest behaviour. More UK graduates were referred following convictions due to offences related to alcohol intake and financial dishonesty. There is paucity of good quality information to identify the exact reasons for the disparity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>More international medical graduates were referred to the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service than UK graduates. There was disparity in the nature of the referrals and we hope our findings will inform employers and the regulatory bodies to understand that comprehensive induction, inclusion, mentoring and adjustments are needed to support international medical graduates to mitigate the risks of failure and help them to meet the required professional standards.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00258172231184551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T19:24:22Z","timestamp":1696447462000},"page":"198-203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["What are the precise reasons for the disparity in referrals to fitness to practise between international and UK medical graduates?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7670-5715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vedamurthy","family":"Adhiyaman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Glan Clwyd Hospital, Rhyl, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Hobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glan Clwyd Hospital, Rhyl, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radha","family":"Sundaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Alexandra Hospital, Paisley, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Llinos","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glan Clwyd Hospital, Rhyl, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00258172231184551","unstructured":"General Medical Council. The state of medical education and practice in the UK, 2020, https:\/\/www.gmc-uk.org\/-\/media\/documents\/somep-2020_pdf-84684244.pdf (2020, accessed 20 September 2022)."},{"key":"bibr2-00258172231184551","unstructured":"General Medical Council. Key stats from the medical register, https:\/\/data.gmc-uk.org\/gmcdata\/home\/#\/reports\/The%20Register\/Stats\/report.%20%5BAccessed%2030th%20September%202021%5D (accessed 30 September 2021)."},{"key":"bibr3-00258172231184551","unstructured":"General Medical Council. Fair to refer? https:\/\/www.gmc-uk.org\/about\/what-we-do-and-why\/data-and-research\/research-and-insight-archive\/fair-to-refer (2019, accessed 30 September 2021)."},{"key":"bibr4-00258172231184551","unstructured":"General Medical Council. How we investigate concerns, https:\/\/www.gmc-uk.org\/concerns\/information-for-doctors-under-investigation\/how-we-investigate-concerns\/deciding-to-investigate-a-complaint-or-concern (accessed 10 January 2021)."},{"key":"bibr5-00258172231184551","unstructured":"General Medical Council. Our sanctions \u2013 information for doctors under investigation, https:\/\/www.gmc-uk.org\/concerns\/information-for-doctors-under-investigation\/our-sanctions\/referral-for-a-hearing-at-the-mpts (accessed 9 November 2022)."},{"key":"bibr6-00258172231184551","unstructured":"MPTS. About, https:\/\/www.mpts-uk.org\/about (accessed 29 September 2021)."},{"key":"bibr7-00258172231184551","unstructured":"General Medical Council. The medical register, https:\/\/www.gmc-uk.org\/registration-and-licensing\/the-medical-register (accessed September 2021)."},{"key":"bibr8-00258172231184551","unstructured":"The Medical Act 1983 (as amended), s 35C(2)."},{"key":"bibr9-00258172231184551","unstructured":"Doctors Defence Service \u2013 UK. \u201cMisconduct\u201d in GMC cases, https:\/\/doctorsdefenceservice.com\/misconduct-in-gmc-cases\/ (accessed 3 December 2021)."},{"key":"bibr10-00258172231184551","unstructured":"General Medical Council. Guidance \u2013 GMC thresholds, https:\/\/www.gmc-uk.org\/-\/media\/documents\/dc4528-guidance-gmc-thresholds_pdf-48163325.pdf (2021, accessed 26 November 2021)."},{"key":"bibr11-00258172231184551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7861\/futurehosp.6-1-76"},{"key":"bibr12-00258172231184551","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12134-014-0368-y"},{"key":"bibr13-00258172231184551","unstructured":"Searle RH, Rice C, McConnell AAet\u00a0al. Bad apples? Bad barrels? Or bad cellars? Antecedents and processes of professional misconduct in UK health and social care, https:\/\/www.professionalstandards.org.uk\/docs\/default-source\/publications\/research-paper\/antecedents-and-processes-of-professional-misconduct-in-uk-health-and-social-care.pdf (accessed 1 November 2021)."},{"key":"bibr14-00258172231184551","unstructured":"General Medical Council. Doctor\u2019s details page, https:\/\/www.gmc-uk.org\/doctors\/6136584 (accessed 29 November 2021)."},{"key":"bibr15-00258172231184551","unstructured":"Ryan J, Adams S. Foreign doctors are revealed to be behind 60% of all sex assaults on patients. Mail Online, https:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/news\/article-7244791\/Foreign-doctors-revealed-60-sex-assaults-patients.html (accessed 29 November 2021)."},{"key":"bibr16-00258172231184551","unstructured":"WorldAtlas. 14 countries where drinking alcohol is illegal, https:\/\/www.worldatlas.com\/articles\/14-countries-where-drinking-alcohol-is-illegal.html (accessed 29 November 2021)."},{"key":"bibr17-00258172231184551","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global status report on alcohol and health 2018, https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241565639 (accessed 29 November 2021)."},{"key":"bibr18-00258172231184551","unstructured":"IELTS. What is IELTS, https:\/\/www.ielts.org\/about-ielts\/what-is-ielts (accessed 25 October 2021)."},{"key":"bibr19-00258172231184551","unstructured":"OET. Why choose OET? https:\/\/oet.com\/discover\/why-choose-oet (accessed 16 June 2023)."},{"key":"bibr20-00258172231184551","unstructured":"Mutual Recognition of Professional Qualifications (MRPQD) Directive (Directive 2005\/36\/EC)."},{"key":"bibr21-00258172231184551","unstructured":"General Medical Council. CE Decision guidance \u2013 Annex D \u2013 Guidance on convictions, cautions, determinations and other methods of police disposal, https:\/\/www.gmc-uk.org\/-\/media\/documents\/DC4594_CE_Decision_Guidance___Annex_D___Convictions_Guidance.pdf_58067974.pdf (accessed 2 December 2021)."}],"container-title":["Medico-Legal Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00258172231184551","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00258172231184551","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00258172231184551","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T08:28:54Z","timestamp":1777624134000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00258172231184551"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00258172231184551"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00258172231184551","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-8172","2042-1834"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-8172","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-1834","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]]}}}