{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T22:41:31Z","timestamp":1791499291435,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,28]],"date-time":"2018-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Omega (Westport)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article presents results from one of the first longitudinal studies exploring the effects of losing a close friend to traumatic death, focusing on complicated grief over time and how this is affected by avoidant behavior and rumination about the loss. The sample consists of 88 persons (76% women and 24% men, mean age\u2009=\u200921) who lost a close friend in the Ut\u00f8ya killings in Norway on July 22, 2011.Quantitative data were collected at three time-points; 18, 28, and 40 months postloss. Main findings are that bereaved friends are heavily impacted by the loss and their grief reactions are affected negatively by avoidant behavior and rumination. This indicates that close bereaved friends are a group to be aware of and that there is a need for better strategies for identifying individuals in need for follow-up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0030222818814052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,28]],"date-time":"2018-11-28T20:10:32Z","timestamp":1543435832000},"page":"351-369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Long-Term Reactions to the Loss of a Close Friend in an Extreme Terror Incident"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8904-2535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iren","family":"Johnsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Crisis Psychology, Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"University of Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kari","family":"Dyregrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Crisis Psychology, Bergen, Norway"},{"name":"Bergen University College, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stig Berge","family":"Matthiesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BI Norwegian Business School, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon Christian","family":"Laberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Crisis Psychology, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0030222818814052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nmd.0000116465.99830.ca"},{"key":"bibr2-0030222818814052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20629"},{"key":"bibr3-0030222818814052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bollen K. A., Curran P. J. (2006). Latent curve models: A structural equation perspective.  Hoboken, N.J.  John Wiley. 312 pp.","DOI":"10.1002\/0471746096"},{"key":"bibr4-0030222818814052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203805633"},{"key":"bibr5-0030222818814052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-4115"},{"key":"bibr6-0030222818814052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481180600614351"},{"key":"bibr7-0030222818814052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2009.03.002"},{"key":"bibr8-0030222818814052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq372"},{"key":"bibr64-0030222818814052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duncan, T. E. & Duncan, S. C. (2004). An introduction to latent growth curve modeling.\n                      Behavior Therapy\n                      ,\n                      35\n                      , 333\u2013363.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7894(04)80042-X"},{"key":"bibr9-0030222818814052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-9450.2003.00366.x"},{"key":"bibr11-0030222818814052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dyregrov K., Dyregrov A., Kristensen P. (2014). Traumatic bereavement and terror: The psychosocial impact on parents and siblings 1.5 years after the July 2011 terror killings in Norway.\n                      Journal of Loss and Trauma\n                      , 556\u2013576.","DOI":"10.1080\/15325024.2014.957603"},{"key":"bibr12-0030222818814052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12067"},{"key":"bibr13-0030222818814052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15402010bsm0302_4"},{"key":"bibr14-0030222818814052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hartup W. 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