{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T22:11:21Z","timestamp":1790719881621,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588982400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Omega (Westport)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Knowledge about how bereaved persons grieve can enhance quality in providing the support and potential services that they need. We aimed to identify ways in which drug-death-bereaved Norwegian parents go on with their lives and what inhibits or promotes adaptation during their grieving. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze 14 semistructured in-depth interviews. We generated three themes: (I) processing grief emotions, (II) proactive coping, and (III) giving and receiving support and assistance. Processing guilt rumination, reflections on blame and a burden of grief emotions characterized grieving early on. Using cognitive strategies and functional-support-giving were found to be the most frequently used strategies. Oscillation between processing stressors and reorientation to the world promoted adjustment to ongoing life. We discuss characteristics of parents who struggle to reorient and outline important implications for policy and practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0030222820923168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T07:54:42Z","timestamp":1589010882000},"page":"141-164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["How Do Drug-Death-Bereaved Parents Adjust to Life Without the Deceased? A Qualitative Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0039-4113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristine B.","family":"Titlestad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8468-3317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":", Margaret","family":"Stroebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kari","family":"Dyregrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178861"},{"key":"bibr2-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.121.3.417"},{"key":"bibr5-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0030222817728204"},{"key":"bibr6-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09658211.2012.745572"},{"key":"bibr7-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691613504116"},{"key":"bibr8-0030222820923168","unstructured":"Braun V., Clarke V. (2019).\n                      Thematic analysis: A reflexive approach\n                      . https:\/\/www.psych.auckland.ac.nz\/en\/about\/our-research\/research-groups\/thematic-analysis.html"},{"key":"bibr40-0030222820923168","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). Drug overdose deaths. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugoverdose\/data\/statedeaths.html"},{"key":"bibr9-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crunk A. E., Burke L. A., Neimeyer R. A., Robinson E. H. M., Bai H. (2019). The Coping Assessment for Bereavement and Loss Experiences (CABLE): Development and initial validation.\n                      Death Studies\n                      , 1\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07481187.2019.1676323","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2019.1676323"},{"key":"bibr43-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corrigan, P. W., Schomerus, G. & Smelson, D. (2017). Are some of the stigmas of addictions culturally sanctioned?\n                      The British Journal of Psychiatry\n                      ,\n                      210\n                      (3), 180\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.bp.116.185421","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.116.185421"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr10-0030222820923168","first-page":"1","volume":"76","author":"Dyregrov A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"OMEGA\u2014Journal of Death and Dying"},{"key":"bibr11-0030222820923168","volume-title":"The loss of a child by suicide, SIDS, and accidents: Consequences, needs and provisions of help [Doctoral dissertation]","author":"Dyregrov K.","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr12-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(03)00205-3"},{"key":"bibr13-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/CLAA-X2LW-JHQJ-T2DM"},{"key":"bibr14-0030222820923168","volume-title":"Effective grief and bereavement support: The role of family, friends, colleagues, schools and support professionals","author":"Dyregrov K.","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr15-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2333393618792076"},{"key":"bibr16-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02682621.2017.1349291"},{"key":"bibr17-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034051"},{"key":"bibr18-0030222820923168","unstructured":"European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. (2019).\n                      European Drug Report\n                      2019: Trends and developments\n                      . http:\/\/www.emcdda.europa.eu\/publications\/edr\/trends-developments\/2018"},{"key":"bibr19-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0030222818754669"},{"key":"bibr20-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/OM.63.4.a"},{"key":"bibr21-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/10436-024"},{"key":"bibr22-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/OM.63.4.c"},{"key":"bibr23-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05627-6"},{"key":"bibr24-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732315617444"},{"key":"bibr25-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2018.1456620"},{"key":"bibr26-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203774366"},{"key":"bibr27-0030222820923168","unstructured":"Norwegian Directorate of Health. (2016).\n                      Mestring, samh\u00f8righet og h\u00e5p \u2013 Veileder for psykososiale tiltak ved kriser, ulykker og katastrofe\n                      r [Psychosocial Interventions in the event of crisis, accidents and disasters]. https:\/\/helsedirektoratet.no\/Lists\/Publikasjoner\/Attachments\/1166\/Mestring,samhorighet-og-hap-veileder-for-psykososiale-tiltak-ved-kriser-ulykker-og-katastrofer-IS-2428.pdf"},{"key":"bibr28-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000388"},{"key":"bibr44-0030222820923168","unstructured":"QSR International Pty Ltd. (2018). NVivo qualitative data analysis software.\n                      Version 12\n                      [Computer software]. QSR International 2020."},{"key":"bibr45-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Robertson, R., Bird, S. M. & McAuley, A. (2019). Drug related deaths - a wider view is necessary.\n                      Addiction, 114\n                      . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/add.14627","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14627"},{"key":"bibr29-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/074811899201046"},{"key":"bibr30-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691615598517"},{"key":"bibr31-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0030222816666540"},{"key":"bibr32-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02109395.2017.1340055"},{"key":"bibr33-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19424620.2013.819229"},{"key":"bibr34-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61816-9"},{"key":"bibr35-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30189-7"},{"key":"bibr36-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09687637.2015.1127328"},{"key":"bibr46-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Titlestad, K. B., Lindeman, S. K., Lund, H. & Dyregrov, K. (2019). How do family members experience drug death bereavement? A systematic review of the literature.\n                      Death Studies\n                      . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07481187.2019.1649085","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2019.1649085"},{"key":"bibr47-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Titlestad, K. B., Mellingen, S., Stroebe, M. & Dyregrov, K. (2020). Sounds of silence. The \u2018special grief\u201d of drug-death bereaved parents: a qualitative study.\n                      Addiction Research & Theory\n                      . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/16066359.2020.1751827","DOI":"10.1080\/16066359.2020.1751827"},{"key":"bibr37-0030222820923168","unstructured":"The World Medical Association. (2018, July 9).\n                      WMA Declaration of Helsinki \u2013 Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects\n                      . https:\/\/www.wma.net\/policies-post\/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects\/"},{"key":"bibr38-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0030222815625174"},{"key":"bibr39-0030222820923168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2010.06.047"}],"container-title":["OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0030222820923168","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0030222820923168","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0030222820923168","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T09:53:28Z","timestamp":1777629208000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0030222820923168"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0030222820923168"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0030222820923168","relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-2228","1541-3764"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-2228","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-3764","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]]}}}