{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:32:07Z","timestamp":1790353927268,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Omega (Westport)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Frequent exposure to patient deaths prompts nurses to experience grief. Unresolved grief leads to harmful consequences of nurses\u2019 mental health and quality of nursing care. A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted to determine the psychometric properties of the Grief traits and State Scale for Nurses. Exploratory factor analysis revealed two factors measuring the level of nurses\u2019 grief traits (Cronbach\u2019s alpha: 0.84) and two factors in grief state (Cronbach\u2019s alpha: 0.86). Nurses\u2019 feelings of unable to provide good care were associated with a higher risk of grief (odds ratio (OR): 4.30, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.45\u201312.75), uncomfortable feeling toward deaths (OR: 11.29, 95%CI: 1.48\u201385.91), and emotional exhaustion (OR: 7.12, 95%CI: 1.63\u201330.99). Results indicated that the scale was reliable in determining the levels of their grief. Nurse managers can use the scale to identify their nurses\u2019 levels of grief, creating opportunities to influence the resolution of the grief experiences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00302228211036862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]],"date-time":"2021-08-10T02:23:13Z","timestamp":1628562193000},"page":"1341-1360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Psychometric Properties of Grief Traits and State Scale for Nurses to Measure Levels of Grief"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Feni","family":"Betriana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2847-1862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Tanioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoya","family":"Yokotani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youko","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kagawa University Hospital, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"Yasuhara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueren","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2952-6538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rozzano C.","family":"Locsin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan"},{"name":"Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00302228211036862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0898010117721581"},{"key":"bibr2-00302228211036862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2014.01.011"},{"key":"bibr3-00302228211036862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NNR.0b013e3181fca9de"},{"key":"bibr4-00302228211036862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2014.12.005"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr5-00302228211036862","first-page":"138","volume":"39","author":"Betriana F.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Songklanagarind Journal of Nursing"},{"key":"bibr6-00302228211036862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2018.09.003"},{"key":"bibr7-00302228211036862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.12481"},{"key":"bibr8-00302228211036862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20467\/HumanCaring-D-20-00017"},{"key":"bibr9-00302228211036862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2018.03.007"},{"key":"bibr10-00302228211036862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NJH.0000000000000067"},{"issue":"63","key":"bibr11-00302228211036862","first-page":"1","volume":"13","author":"Charalambous A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Health Service Research"},{"key":"bibr12-00302228211036862","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr13-00302228211036862","unstructured":"Comfrey A. 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