{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T20:19:17Z","timestamp":1789244357681,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]],"date-time":"2024-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721433600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Omega (Westport)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The aim of the presented study was to gain a better understanding of relationships between the pre-loss quality of marriage, global attachment style, rumination, the severity of complicated grief and the level of posttraumatic growth among widowed individuals. After the researchers obtained the consent of the ethics board to conduct the study, they examined widowed individuals (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 152) using the Experiences in Close Relationships \u2013 Revised, the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, the Event Related Rumination Inventory, the Inventory of Complicated Grief, and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. Results show a positive relationship between attachment anxiety and complicated grief via intrusive rumination, as well as a positive relationship between attachment anxiety and posttraumatic growth via intrusive and deliberate rumination. Results also show that the greater the attachment avoidance the higher the severity of complicated grief, but only in the case of perceived low quality of the marriage. The presented research provides insight into the complex associations between the quality of interpersonal relationships, rumination and adjustment to loss among individuals who experienced the death of a spouse.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00302228241265442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]],"date-time":"2024-07-20T06:58:08Z","timestamp":1721458688000},"page":"1526-1548","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Quality of Interpersonal Relationships, Intrusive and Deliberate Rumination and Adjustment to the Death of a Spouse"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4654-0032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Ludwikowska-\u015awieboda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maria Curie-Sk\u0142odowska University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6736-0957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcin","family":"Sekowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Maria Grzegorzewska University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Handbook of grief therapies","author":"Boelen P. A.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Boelen P. A., Eisma M. C. (2022). Cognitive behaviour therapy for grief. In Steffan E. M., Milman E., Neimeyer R. A. (Eds.), Handbook of grief therapies (pp. 111\u2013120). Sage."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2850.2006.00013.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","first-page":"221","volume-title":"Complicated grief: Scientific foundations for health care professionals","author":"Boelen P. A.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Boelen P. A., van den Hout M. A., van den Bout J. (2013). Prolonged grief disorder: Cognitive behavioral theory and therapy. In Stroebe M. S., Schut H., van den Bout J. (Eds.), Complicated grief: Scientific foundations for health care professionals (pp. 221\u2013234). Routledge."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","volume-title":"Attachment and loss: Loss: Sadness and depression(3)","author":"Bowlby J.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Bowlby J. (1980). Attachment and loss: Loss: Sadness and depression(3). Basic Books."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0265407518772937"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10615806.2010.529901"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","first-page":"1041","article-title":"Polska wersja skali GB Spaniera s\u0142u\u017c\u0105cej do pomiaru jako\u015bci zwi\u0105zku ma\u0142\u017ce\u0144skiego (DAS)","volume":"32","author":"Cie\u015blak K.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Cie\u015blak K. (1989). Polska wersja skali GB Spaniera s\u0142u\u017c\u0105cej do pomiaru jako\u015bci zwi\u0105zku ma\u0142\u017ce\u0144skiego (DAS). Przeglad Psychologiczny, 32(4), 1041\u20131049.","journal-title":"Przeglad Psychologiczny"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01926189108250835"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/socsci11050225"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2019.1661884"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2018.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481180903372269"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-809324-5.21046-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-010418-102813"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167204264289"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.79.5.816"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2020.1788667"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-3737.2006.00284.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","volume-title":"Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach","author":"Hayes A. F.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hayes A. F. (2022). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach (Third edition). New York: The Guilford Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2011.634086"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2018.1521106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30773\/pi.2019.0291"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0265407510397987"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pere.12165"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2021.1978115"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02692163211066747"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027521989083"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"Skala Experience in Close Relationships-Revised: Struktura, rzetelno\u015b\u0107 oraz skr\u00f3cona wersja skali w polskiej pr\u00f3bie","volume":"1","author":"Lubiewska K.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lubiewska K., G\u0142ogowska K., Mickiewicz K., Wojtynkiewicz E., Izdebski P., Wi\u015bniewski C. (2016). Skala Experience in Close Relationships-Revised: Struktura, rzetelno\u015b\u0107 oraz skr\u00f3cona wersja skali w polskiej pr\u00f3bie. Psychologia Rozwojowa, 1(1), 49\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4467\/20843879PR.16.004.4793","journal-title":"Psychologia Rozwojowa"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12740\/PP\/91729"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","first-page":"289","volume-title":"Attachment: The fundamental questions","author":"Maccallum F.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Maccallum F. (2021). Normal and pathological mourning: Attachment processes in the development of prolonged grief. In Thompson R. A., Simpson J. A., Berlin L. J. (Eds.), Attachment: The fundamental questions (pp. 289\u2013295). The Guilford Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2018.07.038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20601"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.2013.32.3.315"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.74.2.513"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2601(03)01002-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","first-page":"190","volume-title":"Complicated grief: Scientific foundations for health care professionals","author":"Mikulincer M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mikulincer M., Shaver P. R. (2013). Attachment insecurities and disordered patterns of grief. In Stroebe M., Schut H., van den Bout J. (Eds.), Complicated grief: Scientific foundations for health care professionals (pp. 190\u2013203). Routledge."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mikulincer M. Shaver P. R. (2022a). An attachment perspective on loss and grief. Current Opinion in Psychology 45 Article 101283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.copsyc.2021.11.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2021.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_1","first-page":"507","volume-title":"Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications","author":"Mikulincer M.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mikulincer M., Shaver P. R. (2022b). Adult attachment and emotion regulation. In Cassidy J., Shaver P. R. (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (Vol. 3, pp. 507\u2013533). Guilford Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_1","first-page":"53","volume-title":"Handbook of grief therapies","author":"Neimeyer R. A.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Neimeyer R. A. (2022). Grief therapy as a quest for meaning. In Steffan E. M., Milman E., Neimeyer R. A. (Eds.), Handbook of grief therapies (pp. 53\u201368). Sage."},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_41_1","first-page":"129","article-title":"Rozw\u00f3j potraumatyczny-charakterystyka i pomiar","volume":"7","author":"Ogi\u0144ska-Bulik N.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ogi\u0144ska-Bulik N., Juczy\u0144ski Z. (2010). Rozw\u00f3j potraumatyczny-charakterystyka i pomiar. Psychiatria, 7(4), 129\u2013142.","journal-title":"Psychiatria"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_3_42_1","first-page":"383","article-title":"Inwentarz Ruminacji o Negatywnym Zdarzeniu\u2013 polska adaptacja the event related rumination inventory","volume":"58","author":"Ogi\u0144ska-Bulik N.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ogi\u0144ska-Bulik N., Juczy\u0144ski Z. (2015). Inwentarz Ruminacji o Negatywnym Zdarzeniu\u2013 polska adaptacja the event related rumination inventory. Przeglad Psychologiczny, 58(3), 383\u2013400.","journal-title":"Przeglad Psychologiczny"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20823"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(95)02757-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1066480700083006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12344"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.23325"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/350547"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_1","volume-title":"Narodowy Spis Powszechny Ludno\u015bci i Mieszka\u0144 2021. Raport z wst\u0119pnych wynik\u00f3w. [National population and housing census 2021. Report on preliminary results]","author":"Statistics Poland","year":"2022","unstructured":"Statistics Poland. (2022). Narodowy Spis Powszechny Ludno\u015bci i Mieszka\u0144 2021. Raport z wst\u0119pnych wynik\u00f3w. [National population and housing census 2021. Report on preliminary results]. Statistics Poland. https:\/\/stat.gov.pl\/spisy-powszechne\/nsp-2021\/nsp-2021-wyniki-wstepne\/raport-zawierajacy-wstepne-wyniki-nsp-2021,6,1.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2009.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000389"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.2490090305"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327965pli1501_01"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_1","first-page":"162","volume-title":"Complicated grief: Scientific foundations for health care professionals","author":"Watkins E. R.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Watkins E. R., Moulds M. L. (2013). Repetitive thought: Rumination in complicated grief. In Stroebe W. M., Schut H., van den Bout J. (Eds.), Complicated grief: Scientific foundations for health care professionals (pp. 162\u2013175). Routledge\/Taylor & Francis Group."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_1","volume-title":"International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2022). International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems (11th ed.). WHO. https:\/\/icd.who.int\/","edition":"11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2015.08.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.02.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_1","first-page":"416","volume-title":"Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications","author":"Zeifman D.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zeifman D., Hazan C. (2016). Pairbonds as attachments: Mounting evidence in support of Bowlby\u2019s hypothesis. In Cassidy J., Shaver P. R. (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (3rd, pp. 416\u2013434). Guilford Press."}],"container-title":["OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00302228241265442","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00302228241265442","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00302228241265442","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T11:49:50Z","timestamp":1782474590000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00302228241265442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00302228241265442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00302228241265442","relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-2228","1541-3764"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-2228","type":"print"},{"value":"1541-3764","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]]}}}