{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:34:06Z","timestamp":1777898046811,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]],"date-time":"2022-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644537600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Employing a hierarchical model of personality, prior research suggests that cardinal traits such as conscientiousness and agreeability predict central traits such as materialism and need for arousal that in turn impact surface traits such as onychophagia and compulsive buying. More research is needed to explore additional central traits and their effect on onychophagia and compulsive buying. Thus, the goal of the current research is to examine how another central trait\u2014negative perfectionism\u2014impacts onychophagia and compulsive buying.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design\/Methodology\/Approach<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A survey was administered both online and face-to-face resulting in a sample of 634 subjects of which 391 were individuals with onychophagia. Through a multi-group analysis, a causal model was tested to identify personality traits and their relationship with compulsive buying.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results showed that onychophagia was affected by other obsessive-compulsive disorders\u2014particularly trichotillomania, and excoriation disorder, which significantly increased the likelihood that the participant was a compulsive buyer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00332941211061696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]],"date-time":"2022-02-11T08:11:43Z","timestamp":1644567103000},"page":"1322-1338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Hierarchical Personality Approach Toward a Fuller Understanding of Onychophagia and Compulsive Buying"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Cristian","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Salento, Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Sestino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro, Taranto, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Pino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chieti-Pescara, Pescara, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianluigi","family":"Guido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Salento, Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajan","family":"Nataraajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Auburn University, Auburn, AL, U.S.A"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5612-4385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard J.","family":"Harnish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Kensington Campus, Penn State University , Kensington, PA, U.S.A"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00332941211061696","volume-title":"Pattern and growth in personality","author":"Allport G. 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