{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:36:16Z","timestamp":1777898176771,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750032000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FPU22\/03053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FPU22\/03053"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The rise of gaming and gaming-related problems has led to an interest in finding differences between gamers and non-gamers. The present study investigates whether there are differences in psychological variables (prosociality, emotional intelligence, social support, and mental health) between current gamers, non-current gamers, and non-gamers. For this purpose, a quantitative study was conducted with a convenience sample of Spanish university students (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 798, Mean\n                    <jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 21.48, SD\n                    <jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 5.01). One-way ANOVAs and MANOVAs were performed to compare the psychological variables between the three groups. Additionally, a binomial logistic regression was conducted with statistically significant variables to identify the most relevant predictors of gaming onset. Results indicated statistically significant differences in sex, prosociality, the appraisal of others\u2019 emotions component of emotional intelligence, general social support, and family social support between the three groups. The results of the binomial logistic regression indicated that male sex and having lower levels of prosociality were associated with a higher probability of gaming. These results may imply that there are baseline differences in those who start gaming. Addressing these differences may be key in the prevention of gaming disorder.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00332941251351231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T14:55:47Z","timestamp":1750085747000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Psychosocial Factors Linked to Online Gaming: Differences Between Current Gamers, Non-current Gamers and Non-gamers"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1280-9312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00falia","family":"Gisbert-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Methodology of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Cejalvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Mart\u00ed-Vilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Badenes-Ribera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Methodology of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2021.00050"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/PRBM.S347694"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed. text rev.). American Psychiatric Association. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01650254221128280"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40429-019-00259-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-024-05714-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_5_9_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"El Cuestionario de Salud General de 12 items (GHQ-12): Estudio de traducci\u00f3n y adaptaci\u00f3n de la versi\u00f3n rumana [The 12-Item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12): Translation and adaptation study of the Romanian version]","volume":"37","author":"Brabete A. C.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brabete A. C. (2014). El Cuestionario de Salud General de 12 items (GHQ-12): Estudio de traducci\u00f3n y adaptaci\u00f3n de la versi\u00f3n rumana [The 12-Item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12): Translation and adaptation study of the Romanian version]. Revista Iberoamericana de Diagn\u00f3stico y Evaluaci\u00f3n Psicologica, 37(1), 11\u201329.","journal-title":"Revista Iberoamericana de Diagn\u00f3stico y Evaluaci\u00f3n Psicologica"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.09.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_1","first-page":"363","volume-title":"Playing video games: Motives, responses, and consequences","author":"Buckley K. E.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Buckley K. E., Anderson C. A. (2006). A theoretical model of the effects and consequences of playing video games. In Vorderer P., Bryant J. (Eds.), Playing video games: Motives, responses, and consequences (pp. 363\u2013378). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/1015-5759.21.2.77"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9092720"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1802.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0000939"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10010074"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-020-01121-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2022.06.049"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_1","unstructured":"Georgiev D. Ivanov I. Mykhailiuta M. (2024). 28 engaging video game industry statistics for 2024. Techjury. https:\/\/techjury.net\/blog\/video-games-industry-statistics\/ (Accessed on 16 June 2024)."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40894-024-00233-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_1","volume-title":"A user\u2019s guide to the General Health Questionnaire","author":"Goldberg D.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Goldberg D., Williams P. (1988). A user\u2019s guide to the General Health Questionnaire. NFER."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.58.110405.085530"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167213520459"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bs5040602"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315624358"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0036074"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/jcp.2023.38991"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.4.2015.045"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_29_1","volume-title":"Principles and practices of structural equation modeling","author":"Kline R. B.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kline R. B. (2015). Principles and practices of structural equation modeling. Guilford Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/26575"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.657430"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000062"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-017-0646-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.00898"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-11394-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_36_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Emotional development and emotional intelligence: Implications for educators","author":"Mayer J. D.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mayer J. D., Salovey P. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? In Salovey P., Sluyter D. (Eds.), Emotional development and emotional intelligence: Implications for educators (pp. 3\u201331). Basic Books."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315160825-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2020.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-016-0678-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7334\/psicothema2018.147"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_41_1","first-page":"173","volume-title":"An\u00e1lisis de Datos en Ciencias Sociales y de La Salud III","author":"Pardo A.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pardo A., Ruiz M. A. (2012). An\u00e1lisis de Datos en Ciencias Sociales y de La Salud III (1st ed., pp. 173\u2013177). S\u00edntesis.","edition":"1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2020.00045"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.07.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.35670\/1667-4545.v17.n2.18730"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5209\/psic.77756"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2023.107844"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444811410394"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_48_1","article-title":"On not becoming gamers: Moving beyond the constructed audience","volume":"2","author":"Shaw A.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shaw A. (2013). On not becoming gamers: Moving beyond the constructed audience. Ada: A Journal of Gender, New Media, and Technology, 2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7264\/N33N21B3","journal-title":"Ada: A Journal of Gender, New Media, and Technology"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_49_1","volume-title":"Regresi\u00f3n log\u00edstica","author":"Silva L. C.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Silva L. C., y Barroso I.-M. (2004). Regresi\u00f3n log\u00edstica. La Muralla."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_50_1","unstructured":"Soper D. S. (2024). A-Priori sample size calculator for structural equation models. [Software]. https:\/\/www.danielsoper.com\/statcalc"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1089\/cpb.2007.0064","article-title":"Personality differences between online game players and nonplayers in a student sample","volume":"11","author":"Teng C.-I.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Teng C.-I. (2008). Personality differences between online game players and nonplayers in a student sample. CyberPsychology and Behavior: The Impact of the Internet, Multimedia and Virtual Reality on Behavior and Society, 11(2), 232\u2013234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cpb.2007.0064","journal-title":"CyberPsychology and Behavior: The Impact of the Internet, Multimedia and Virtual Reality on Behavior and Society"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.2021.00035"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.01731"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.6.2017.088"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.713227"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00247"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-023-01091-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2016.0535"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2016.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1048-9843(02)00099-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-024-05667-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa5201_2"}],"container-title":["Psychological Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00332941251351231","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00332941251351231","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00332941251351231","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T09:22:53Z","timestamp":1777627373000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00332941251351231"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]]},"references-count":61,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00332941251351231"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00332941251351231","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-2941","1558-691X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-2941","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-691X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]]},"article-number":"00332941251351231"}}