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Similarly, people overexposed to others\u2019 pain respond differently to expressions of it. Given that pain experience and empathy toward others\u2019 pain share cognitive and cerebral mechanisms, examining how both are affected by overexposure to self-pain and others\u2019 pain within the same population is of particular interest. Athletes represent one such population. This study thus aimed to compare pain perception and empathy in athletes and non-athletes. Thirty athletes and 28 non-athletes were asked to imagine their pain in different contexts and report its intensity and unpleasantness, assess the intensity and unpleasantness of others\u2019 pain, and report their felt empathy for pain. They also completed questionnaires on pain, sports experiences, and trait empathy. The main results show that athletes reported similar pain intensity but less unpleasantness for their own pain than non-athletes, comparable intensity and unpleasantness for others\u2019 pain, and less empathy specifically for facial expressions depicting high pain. Together, these findings suggest reduced affective responding rather than changes in the sensory perception of pain. Several sport-specific mechanisms may explain these reductions, including greater habituation, stronger beliefs about pain controllability, regulatory flexibility, and the possibility that more sport-relevant contexts are required to fully engage athletes\u2019 propensity for empathy. 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