{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:38:15Z","timestamp":1777898295385,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]],"date-time":"2007-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177977600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Public Health Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>With more sport utility vehicles (SUVs) on the road, public concern has been expressed about their influence on traffic safety. The present study examined changes in the mix of passenger vehicles between 1988 and 2004 and concurrent changes in driver fatality rates and vehicle incompatibility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vehicle registrations and driver deaths per registered vehicle were examined using data from R.L. Polk and Company and the Fatality Analysis Reporting System.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between 1988 and 2004, SUVs comprised an increasingly larger proportion of registered passenger vehicles (5% of one- to three-year-old vehicles in 1988 vs. 22% in 2004), yet driver deaths per registered vehicle decreased 43% to 47% for all passenger vehicle types. Reductions in driver fatality rates were greater for two-vehicle crashes than for single-vehicle crashes and greater for two-vehicle frontal crashes than for two-vehicle side-impact crashes. Driver death rates declined more on rural roads than on urban roads, and this difference was most pronounced for SUVs. Among cars struck by other vehicles, driver death rates in front-to-front and front-to-side impacts decreased more when the striking vehicle was an SUV than a pickup or car.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Factors likely contributing to the overall reductions in fatality rates include advances in occupant protection, increases in average vehicle weight, increased availability of SUVs with car-based designs, and reductions in alcohol-impaired driving. Reductions of driver death rates in two-vehicle collisions between 1988 and 2004 are encouraging, but SUVs and pickups continue to pose a substantially higher risk to drivers of cars than when the striking vehicle is another car.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/003335490712200305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,4]],"date-time":"2017-07-04T06:16:46Z","timestamp":1499149006000},"page":"319-328","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Changes in Driver Fatality Rates and Vehicle Incompatibility Concurrent with Changes in the Passenger Vehicle Fleet"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Keli A.","family":"Braitman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Arlington, VA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan A.","family":"Ferguson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Arlington, VA (current affiliation: Ferguson International, LLC, McLean, VA)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamal","family":"Elharam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Arlington, VA (current affiliation: Senior Service America, Inc., Silver Spring, MD)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-003335490712200305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O'Neill B, Kyrychenko SY. Crash incompatibilities between cars and light trucks: Issues and potential countermeasures. SAE Technical Paper Series 2004-01-1166. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers.","DOI":"10.4271\/2004-01-1166"},{"key":"bibr2-003335490712200305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lund AK, Chapline JF. Potential strategies for improving crash compatibility in the US vehicle fleet. SAE Technical Paper Series 1999-01-0066. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers.","DOI":"10.4271\/1999-01-0066"},{"key":"bibr3-003335490712200305","unstructured":"Kahane CJ. Vehicle weight, fatality risk and crash compatibility of model year 1991\u201399 passenger cars and light trucks. Washington: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (US); October 2003. Report no. DOT HS-809-662."},{"key":"bibr4-003335490712200305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lund AK, O'Neill B, Nolan JM, Chapline JF. Crash compatibility issue in perspective. SAE Technical Paper Series 2000-01-1378. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers.","DOI":"10.4271\/2000-01-1378"},{"key":"bibr5-003335490712200305","volume-title":"Motor vehicles of 1,000 or less curb weight","author":"National Highway Safety Bureau (US)","year":"1969"},{"key":"bibr6-003335490712200305","first-page":"3","volume":"212","author":"Lund AK","year":"2001","journal-title":"TR News"},{"key":"bibr7-003335490712200305","unstructured":"Joksch H, Massie D, Pichler R. Vehicle aggressivity: Fleet characterization using traffic collision data. Washington: Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (US); February 1998. Report no. DOT HS-808-679."},{"key":"bibr8-003335490712200305","volume-title":"Fatality Analysis Reporting System, 1975\u20132004","author":"National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (US)","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr9-003335490712200305","unstructured":"Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. Side impacts are a bigger share of the crash problem. Status Report 2004;39(5):7. Also available from: URL: http:\/\/www.highwaysafety.org\/sr\/pdfs\/sr3905.pdf [cited 2006 Mar 16]."},{"key":"bibr10-003335490712200305","unstructured":"Ferguson SA, Lund AK, Greene MA. Driver fatalities in 1985\u20131994 air bag cars. Arlington (VA): Insurance Institute for Highway Safety; 1995."},{"key":"bibr11-003335490712200305","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15389580590928981"},{"key":"bibr12-003335490712200305","unstructured":"Glassbrenner D. Safety belt use in 2004: Overall results. Traffic Safety Facts, research note. Washington: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (US); 2004. Report no. DOT HS-809-783."},{"key":"bibr13-003335490712200305","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh087"},{"key":"bibr14-003335490712200305","unstructured":"Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. Airbag statistics (as of July 2005). Arlington (VA); 2005 [cited 2006 Mar 16]. Available from: URL: http:\/\/www.iihs.org\/research\/qanda\/airbags.html"},{"key":"bibr15-003335490712200305","volume-title":"Traffic safety facts, 2001: Rural\/urban comparison","author":"National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (US)","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr16-003335490712200305","unstructured":"Ferguson SA, Braitman KA. Women's issues in highway safety: A summary of the literature. In: Proceedings of the Research on Women's Issues in Transportation Conference\u2014volume 2: Technical papers. Washington: Transportation Research Board; 2005 [cited 2006 Mar 16]. Available from: URL: http:\/\/onlinepubs.trb.org\/onlinepubs\/conf\/CP35v1.pdf"},{"key":"bibr17-003335490712200305","unstructured":"Walz MC. Trends in the static stability factor of passenger cars, light trucks, and vans. Washington: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (US); 2005. Report no. DOT HS-809-868."},{"key":"bibr18-003335490712200305","unstructured":"Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers. Enhancing vehicle-to-vehicle crash compatibility: A set of commitment for progress by automobile manufacturers. Washington; 2003 [cited 2006 Mar 16]. 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