{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T21:04:27Z","timestamp":1790888667094,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HIV testing is increasingly available, yet barriers to HIV testing persist for low-income black and Latino people, especially those who use illicit drugs. HIV exceptionalism, or the idea that a positive HIV diagnosis is drastically different from a diagnosis for any other disease, may influence HIV testing-related stigma, resulting in reduced willingness to undergo HIV testing. This pharmacy-based intervention combined HIV testing with less stigmatized chronic disease screening tests (e.g., blood pressure, glucose, and cholesterol) to equate the concept of an HIV diagnosis with other diagnoses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three pharmacies located in low-income, minority neighborhoods in New York City were enrolled in an intervention to provide ( 1) HIV testing, chronic disease screening, and a healthy lifestyles video that normalized all screening tests and destigmatized HIV as a fatal disease (comprehensive arm); ( 2) HIV testing and the video (video arm); and ( 3) HIV testing only (control arm). Injection drug users (IDUs) and pharmacy staff recruited un- and under-insured pharmacy customers, IDUs, and IDU peers from 2010 to 2012. Participants in the control group were compared with those in the comprehensive and video intervention groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants in the comprehensive arm (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03, 2.49, p=0.08) and the video arm (PR=1.59, 95% CI 1.00, 2.53, p=0.09) were marginally significantly more likely to receive an HIV test in the pharmacy compared with those in the control arm after adjustment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that adoption of strategies that destigmatize and normalize HIV testing can improve uptake. Implementation of this strategy in low-access, minority communities with high HIV prevalence and among high-risk populations may help reduce racial\/ethnic disparities in HIV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549161310s116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,29]],"date-time":"2016-06-29T15:47:01Z","timestamp":1467215221000},"page":"139-146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Pharmacy Intervention to Improve HIV Testing Uptake Using a Comprehensive Health Screening Approach"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Natalie D.","family":"Crawford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trevano","family":"Dean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexis V.","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor","family":"Guffey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Amesty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Population and Family Health, New York, NY"},{"name":"Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Center for Family and Community Medicine, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abby","family":"Rudolph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Calverton Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"DeCuir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Crystal M.","family":"Fuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Division of Social Solutions and Services Research, Orangeburg, NY"},{"name":"New York University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00333549161310S116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2008.157958"},{"key":"bibr2-00333549161310S116","volume-title":"Cases of HIV infection and AIDS in the United States and dependent areas, 2007. 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