{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:42:33Z","timestamp":1787240553281,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,28]],"date-time":"2018-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The annual number of women with HIV infection who delivered infants in the United States was estimated to be 8700 in 2006. An accurate, current estimate is important for guiding perinatal HIV prevention efforts. Our objective was to analyze whether the 2006 estimate was consistent with the number of infants with HIV infection observed in the United States and with other data on perinatal HIV transmission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We compared the number of infants born with HIV in 2015 (n = 53) with data on interventions to prevent perinatal HIV transmission (eg, maternal HIV diagnosis before and during pregnancy and prenatal antiretroviral use). We also estimated the annual number of deliveries to women living with HIV by using the number of women of childbearing age living with HIV during 2008-2014 and the estimated birth rate among these women. Finally, we determined any changes in the annual number of infants born to women with HIV from 2007-2015, among 19 states that reported these data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The low number of infants born in the United States with HIV infection and the uptake of interventions to prevent perinatal HIV transmission were not consistent with the 2006 estimate (n = 8700), even with the best uptake of interventions to prevent perinatal HIV transmission. Given the birth rate among women with HIV (estimated at 7%) and the number of women aged 13-44 living with HIV during 2008-2014 (n = 111\u2009273 in 2008, n = 96\u2009363 in 2014), no more than about 5000 women with HIV would be giving birth. Among states consistently reporting the annual number of births to women with HIV, the number declined about 14% from 2008 to 2014.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current annual number of women with HIV infection delivering infants in the United States is about 5000, which is substantially lower than the 2006 estimate. More accurate estimates would require comprehensive reporting of perinatal HIV exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354918800466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,28]],"date-time":"2018-09-28T14:56:39Z","timestamp":1538146599000},"page":"637-643","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Reconsidering the Number of Women With HIV Infection Who Give Birth Annually in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Steven R.","family":"Nesheim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV\/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"},{"name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren F.","family":"FitzHarris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV\/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"},{"name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"},{"name":"ICF, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret A.","family":"Lampe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV\/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"},{"name":"Epidemiology Branch, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen Mahle","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of HIV\/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"},{"name":"HIV Incidence and Case Surveillance Branch, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"bibr1-0033354918800466","first-page":"1","volume":"23","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2018","journal-title":"HIV Surveill Suppl Rep"},{"key":"bibr2-0033354918800466","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-0194"},{"key":"bibr3-0033354918800466","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03530120044039"},{"key":"bibr4-0033354918800466","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199810010-00009"},{"key":"bibr5-0033354918800466","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.6.531"},{"key":"bibr6-0033354918800466","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199411033311801"},{"key":"bibr7-0033354918800466","unstructured":"Fleming P, Lindegren M, Byers R, Estimated number of perinatal HIV infections, U.S., 2000. 14th International AIDS Conference. 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Maryland HIV annual epidemiological profile\u20142015. http:\/\/phpa.dhmh.maryland.gov\/OIDEOR\/CHSE\/SiteAssets\/Pages\/statistics\/Maryland-HIV-Annual-Epidemiological-Profile-2015.pdf. Accessed March 31, 2017."},{"key":"bibr31-0033354918800466","unstructured":"Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. HIV\/AIDS statewide annual analyses. http:\/\/www.michigan.gov\/mdhhs\/0,5885,7-339-71550_2955_2982_46000_46003-35962-00.html#current. Accessed March 31, 2017."},{"key":"bibr32-0033354918800466","unstructured":"Minnesota Department of Health. HIV surveillance report. 2016: HIV\/AIDS surveillance system, tables 5a and 5b. http:\/\/www.health.state.mn.us\/divs\/idepc\/diseases\/hiv\/stats\/2016\/increport2016.pdf. Accessed March 31, 2017."},{"key":"bibr33-0033354918800466","unstructured":"Mississippi State Department of Health. State of Mississippi. 2010 STD\/HIV epidemiologic profile. http:\/\/msdh.ms.gov\/msdhsite\/_static\/14,0,150,63.html . 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