{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:43:07Z","timestamp":1777898587300,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]],"date-time":"2018-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543795200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the known high morbidity and mortality of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Oregon, we sought to develop a practical method of estimating the severe sequelae of HCV infection among Medicaid beneficiaries in Oregon.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We assembled a retrospective cohort that identified all Oregon Medicaid beneficiaries with HCV infection enrolled for at least 1 year during 2009-2013. We linked this cohort to 3 data sets to identify HCV-related deaths, cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and first hospitalizations for advanced liver disease (ALD). We calculated incidence density rates and used multivariable Cox regression modeling to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) to evaluate the association between demographic characteristics (birth year, sex, race, ethnicity) and these 3 outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 11\u2009790 Oregon Medicaid beneficiaries with HCV infection, 474 (4.0%) had an HCV-related death, 156 (1.3%) had HCC, and 596 (5.1%) had a first hospitalization for ALD. Adjusted hazard ratios for deaths were 2.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-2.8) among persons born in 1945 through 1965 (vs persons born after 1965), 2.1 (95% CI, 1.7-2.5) among males (vs females), and 1.9 (95% CI, 1.2-2.9) among Asian\/Pacific Islanders and 2.2 (95% CI, 1.5-3.2) among American Indian\/Alaska Natives (vs white persons). The same risk groups had significant aHRs for first hospitalizations for ALD. Persons born before 1945 (aHR = 17.0; 95% CI, 5.2-55.8) and in 1945 through 1965 (aHR = 12.8; 95% CI, 4.1-40.3) vs born after 1965, males (aHR = 3.3; 95% CI, 2.3-4.8) vs females, and Asian\/Pacific Islanders (aHR = 3.9; 95% CI, 2.3-6.7) vs white persons had higher risks for HCC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Continued assessments using the methods piloted in this study will allow Oregon to monitor trends in severe sequelae of HCV infection over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354918813552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]],"date-time":"2018-12-03T19:15:47Z","timestamp":1543864547000},"page":"81-88","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Short-Term Incidence of Sequelae of HCV Infection Among Medicaid Beneficiaries in Oregon"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Kazuaki","family":"Jindai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Public Health Division, Acute and Communicable Disease Prevention, Oregon Health Authority, Portland, OR, USA"},{"name":"Veterans Affairs Portland Healthcare System, Portland, OR, USA"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Courtney","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Public Health Division, Acute and Communicable Disease Prevention, Oregon Health Authority, Portland, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann R.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Public Health Division, Acute and Communicable Disease Prevention, Oregon Health Authority, Portland, OR, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0033354918813552","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80381-X"},{"key":"bibr2-0033354918813552","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Hepatitis C fact sheet. http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs164\/en. Updated July 18, 2018. Accessed October 19, 2018."},{"key":"bibr3-0033354918813552","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M13-1133"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr4-0033354918813552","first-page":"1","volume":"61","author":"Smith BD","year":"2012","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"bibr5-0033354918813552","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2014.0096"},{"key":"bibr6-0033354918813552","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-159-5-201309030-00672"},{"key":"bibr7-0033354918813552","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix202"},{"key":"bibr8-0033354918813552","unstructured":"Thomas A, Leahy J, Capizzi J, Williamson K, Poissant T, Vidiloff K. Viral Hepatitis in Oregon. Salem, OR: Oregon Health Authority; 2015. https:\/\/public.health.oregon.gov\/DiseasesConditions\/HIVSTDViralHepatitis\/AdultViralHepatitis\/Documents\/Viral_Hepatitis_Epi_Profile.pdf. Accessed April 2, 2017."},{"key":"bibr9-0033354918813552","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1400986"},{"key":"bibr10-0033354918813552","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-0406"},{"key":"bibr11-0033354918813552","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1506108"},{"key":"bibr12-0033354918813552","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3182688d2f"},{"key":"bibr13-0033354918813552","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. International classification of diseases, ninth revision, clinical modification. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/icd\/icd9\u2009cm.htm. Published 2013. Accessed October 23, 2018."},{"key":"bibr14-0033354918813552","unstructured":"Oregon Health Authority. Oregon death data. https:\/\/www.oregon.gov\/oha\/PH\/BirthDeathCertificates\/VitalStatistics\/death\/Pages\/index.aspx. Updated August 2, 2018. Accessed October 16, 2018."},{"key":"bibr15-0033354918813552","unstructured":"Oregon Health Authority. Oregon State Cancer Registry (OSCaR). https:\/\/www.oregon.gov\/oha\/PH\/DISEASESCONDITIONS\/CHRONICDISEASE\/CANCER\/OSCAR\/Pages\/index.aspx. Accessed October 16, 2018."},{"key":"bibr16-0033354918813552","unstructured":"Oregon Health Authority, Office of Health Analytics. Hospital reporting program. https:\/\/www.oregon.gov\/oha\/HPA\/ANALYTICS\/Pages\/Hospital-Reporting.aspx. Accessed October 16, 2018."},{"key":"bibr17-0033354918813552","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Program of Cancer Registries. Registry Plus\u2122 Link Plus. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/cancer\/npcr\/tools\/registryplus\/lp.htm. Published 2015. Accessed October 19, 2018."},{"key":"bibr18-0033354918813552","unstructured":"Oregon Office of Rural Health. About rural and frontier data. https:\/\/www.ohsu.edu\/xd\/outreach\/oregon-rural-health\/about-rural-frontier\/index.cfm. 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