{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:43:33Z","timestamp":1777898613073,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,17]],"date-time":"2019-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568678400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Screening for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in jail provides an opportunity to educate and offer care to a high-risk population. We aimed to (1) estimate the prevalence of HCV infection in jail; (2) describe the demographic characteristics, risk factors, and pre-incarceration health insurance status associated with HCV infection; and (3) examine the implementation of HCV screening in jail.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective analysis of an opt-out HCV screening program with HCV RNA confirmation and patient education at the Dallas County Jail from April 1 through November 2, 2017. We extracted data on test results, demographic characteristics, and release destination from electronic medical records. A nurse navigator recorded data on patient self-reported risk factors and pre-incarceration health insurance status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 4089 incarcerated persons screened, 708 (17.3%) had a positive HCV antibody result. Of these, 641 (90.5%) had an HCV RNA test ordered; 576 (89.9%) had RNA tests completed, of whom 413 (71.7%) had a positive HCV RNA result. Of these 413, 352 (85.2%) received patient education. Half of HCV RNA-positive incarcerated persons (n = 207, 50.1%) were born outside the birth cohort (1945-1965). Among those with HCV infection, commonly reported risk factors were injection drug use (168 of 352; 47.8%) and tattoos (82 of 352; 23.4%). Most incarcerated persons with HCV infection (284 of 350; 81.1%) did not have health insurance. HCV antibody prevalence was higher among incarcerated persons released to prison (232 of 961; 24.1%) than to outside agencies (38 of 403; 9.4%) or the community (178 of 1026; 17.4%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Screening for HCV with RNA confirmation in jail provides an opportunity for disease education, transmission prevention, and navigation to HCV treatment. Future efforts should examine post-incarceration linkage to care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354919874081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,17]],"date-time":"2019-09-17T20:33:51Z","timestamp":1568752431000},"page":"626-633","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the Dallas County Jail: Implications for Screening, Prevention, and Linkage to Care"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4128-5538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline M.","family":"Abe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merilyne","family":"Aguwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkland Health and Hospital Systems, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkland Health and Hospital Systems, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Strategy and Integration, Parkland Health and Hospital System, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esmaeil","family":"Porsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Strategy and Integration, Parkland Health and Hospital System, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ank E.","family":"Nijhawan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30297"},{"key":"bibr2-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08998280.2005.11928024"},{"key":"bibr3-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6618a2"},{"key":"bibr4-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw111"},{"key":"bibr5-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.7085"},{"key":"bibr6-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40352-017-0055-0"},{"key":"bibr7-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/IJPH-07-2016-0028"},{"key":"bibr8-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003335491412900213"},{"key":"bibr9-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.6371"},{"key":"bibr10-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12512"},{"key":"bibr11-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2016.0296"},{"key":"bibr12-0033354919874081","volume-title":"Guidelines for the Screening, Care and Treatment of Persons With Chronic Hepatitis C Infection","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr13-0033354919874081","unstructured":"Federal Bureau of Prisons. Evaluation and management of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. 2018. https:\/\/www.bop.gov\/resources\/pdfs\/012018_hcv_infection.pdf. Accessed July 8, 2019."},{"key":"bibr14-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.302071"},{"key":"bibr15-0033354919874081","volume-title":"Jail Inmates in 2016","author":"Zhen Z","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr16-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354917732755"},{"key":"bibr17-0033354919874081","volume-title":"Stata Release [software]","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr18-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-777"},{"key":"bibr19-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2016.303163"},{"key":"bibr20-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200107053450107"},{"key":"bibr21-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdv023"},{"key":"bibr22-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549161310S215"},{"key":"bibr23-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1716871"},{"key":"bibr24-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.02.035"},{"key":"bibr25-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12617"},{"key":"bibr26-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13877"},{"key":"bibr27-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit271"},{"key":"bibr28-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/hepatmon.14308"},{"key":"bibr29-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2015.31"},{"key":"bibr30-0033354919874081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-015-3709-6"},{"key":"bibr31-0033354919874081","volume-title":"Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2017","author":"Berchick ER","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr32-0033354919874081","unstructured":"Texas Department of Health and Human Services. Antiviral agents for hepatitis C virus initial request\u2014standard PA addendum (Medicaid). 2018. https:\/\/hhs.texas.gov\/laws-regulations\/forms\/1000-1999\/form-1342-antiviral-agents-hepatitis-c-virus-initial-request-standard-pa-addendum-medicaid. 2018. 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