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Disparities in receiving health care among African Americans and other racial\/ethnic minority groups in the United States are well known and directly related to poor outcomes associated with SCD. As an orphan disease\u2014one that affects &lt;200\u2009000 persons nationwide\u2014SCD does not receive the research funding and pharmaceutical investment directed to other orphan diseases. For example, cystic fibrosis affects fewer than half the number of persons but receives 3.5 times the funding from the National Institutes of Health and 440 times the funding from national foundations. In this review, we discuss the health inequities affecting persons with SCD, describe programs intended to improve their care, and identify actions that could be taken to further reduce these inequities, improve care, control treatment costs, and ease the burden of disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354919881438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]],"date-time":"2019-10-10T19:00:51Z","timestamp":1570734051000},"page":"599-607","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":233,"title":["Reducing Health Care Disparities in Sickle Cell Disease: A Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5203-4104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"LaTasha","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research & Leadership, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Smith-Whitley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA"},{"name":"Perlman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"Banks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sickle Cell Disease Association of America, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Puckrein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Minority Quality Forum, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0033354919881438","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.12.022"},{"key":"bibr2-0033354919881438","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1510865"},{"key":"bibr3-0033354919881438","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24557"},{"key":"bibr4-0033354919881438","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003335491312800206"},{"key":"bibr5-0033354919881438","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199406093302303"},{"key":"bibr6-0033354919881438","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003335491613100221"},{"key":"bibr7-0033354919881438","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21570"},{"key":"bibr8-0033354919881438","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. Sickle Cell Disease Awareness and Education Strategy Development Workshop Report. Bethesda, MD: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; 2010. https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health-topics\/all-publications-and-resources\/sickle-cell-disease-awareness-and-education-strategy. Accessed August 2, 2019."},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr9-0033354919881438","first-page":"1037","volume":"3","author":"Kanter J","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hematol Transfus"},{"key":"bibr10-0033354919881438","unstructured":"Hemophilia Federation of America. Hemophilia A. https:\/\/www.hemophiliafed.org\/understanding-bleeding-disorders\/what-is-hemophilia\/hemophilia-a. Accessed April 2, 2019."},{"key":"bibr11-0033354919881438","volume-title":"2016 Patient Registry Annual Data Report","author":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr12-0033354919881438","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.09.044"},{"key":"bibr13-0033354919881438","unstructured":"Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. 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