{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T00:30:49Z","timestamp":1781051449607,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]],"date-time":"2020-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581292800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005217","name":"National Center for Injury Prevention and Control","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Cooperative Agreement 5 NU17CE002732-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Cooperative Agreement 5 NU17CE002732-04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005217","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Valid opioid poisoning morbidity definitions are essential to the accuracy of national surveillance. The goal of our study was to estimate the positive predictive value (PPV) of case definitions identifying emergency department (ED) visits for heroin or other opioid poisonings, using billing records with International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined billing records for ED visits from 4 health care networks (12 EDs) from October 2015 through December 2016. We conducted medical record reviews of representative samples to estimate the PPVs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of (1) first-listed heroin poisoning diagnoses (n = 398), (2) secondary heroin poisoning diagnoses (n = 102), (3) first-listed other opioid poisoning diagnoses (n = 452), and (4) secondary other opioid poisoning diagnoses (n = 103).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>First-listed heroin poisoning diagnoses had an estimated PPV of 93.2% (95% CI, 90.0%-96.3%), higher than secondary heroin poisoning diagnoses (76.5%; 95% CI, 68.1%-84.8%). Among other opioid poisoning diagnoses, the estimated PPV was 79.4% (95% CI, 75.7%-83.1%) for first-listed diagnoses and 67.0% (95% CI, 57.8%-76.2%) for secondary diagnoses. Naloxone was administered in 867 of 1055 (82.2%) cases; 254 patients received multiple doses. One-third of all patients had a previous drug poisoning. Drug testing was ordered in only 354 cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study findings suggest that heroin or other opioid poisoning surveillance definitions that include multiple diagnoses (first-listed and secondary) would identify a high percentage of true-positive cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354920904087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]],"date-time":"2020-02-10T18:55:00Z","timestamp":1581360900000},"page":"262-269","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["ICD-10-CM\u2013Based Definitions for Emergency Department Opioid Poisoning Surveillance: Electronic Health Record Case Confirmation Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"135","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4541-6574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svetla","family":"Slavova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kentucky Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Quesinberry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kentucky Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Management and Policy, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia F.","family":"Costich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kentucky Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Management and Policy, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilia","family":"Pasalic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Eustice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kentucky Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6968-686X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Akpunonu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry L.","family":"Bunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kentucky Injury Prevention and Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0033354920904087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm655051e1"},{"key":"bibr2-0033354920904087","volume-title":"Drug Overdose Deaths in the United States, 1999-2016","author":"Hedegaard H","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr3-0033354920904087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6634a2"},{"key":"bibr4-0033354920904087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6533a2"},{"key":"bibr5-0033354920904087","unstructured":"Injury Surveillance Workgroup 7. Consensus Recommendations for National and State Poisoning Surveillance. Atlanta, GA: The Safe States Alliance; 2012. https:\/\/c.ymcdn.com\/sites\/safestates.site-ym.com\/resource\/resmgr\/imported\/ISW7%20Full%20Report_3.pdf. Accessed December 8, 2019."},{"key":"bibr6-0033354920904087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.13121"},{"key":"bibr7-0033354920904087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-1185-x"},{"key":"bibr8-0033354920904087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12873-016-0075-4"},{"key":"bibr9-0033354920904087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4157"},{"key":"bibr10-0033354920904087","unstructured":"Injury Surveillance Workgroup 9. The Transition From ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM: Guidance for Analysis and Reporting of Injuries by Mechanism and Intent. Atlanta, GA: The Safe States Alliance; 2016. https:\/\/cdn.ymaws.com\/www.safestates.org\/resource\/resmgr\/isw9\/ISW9_FINAL_Report.pdf. Accessed December 8, 2019."},{"key":"bibr11-0033354920904087","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Opioid overdose: prevention for states. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugoverdose\/states\/state_prevention.html. Published 2015. Accessed August 8, 2018."},{"key":"bibr12-0033354920904087","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The prescription drug overdose: data-driven prevention initiative. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugoverdose\/foa\/ddpi.html. Published 2016. Accessed December 10, 2019."},{"key":"bibr13-0033354920904087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2086"},{"key":"bibr14-0033354920904087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(96)70264-0"},{"key":"bibr15-0033354920904087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2004.11.021"},{"key":"bibr16-0033354920904087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2004.tb01433.x"},{"key":"bibr17-0033354920904087","volume-title":"Prevention for States Required Morbidity Indicators. Proposed ICD-10-CM Transition Guidance","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr18-0033354920904087","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM). https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/icd\/icd10\u2009cm.htm. Published 2016. Accessed December 9, 2019."},{"key":"bibr19-0033354920904087","volume-title":"CDC\u2019s Opioid Overdose Indicator Support Toolkit: Guidance for Building and Reporting on Opioid-Related Mortality, Morbidity, and PDMP Indicators (Version 3.0)","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr20-0033354920904087","unstructured":"Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. Nonfatal opioid overdose standardized surveillance case definition. https:\/\/cdn.ymaws.com\/www.cste.org\/resource\/resmgr\/ps\/2019ps\/PS_Nonfatal_Opioid_Overdose_.pdf. Published 2019. Accessed December 8, 2019"},{"key":"bibr21-0033354920904087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"bibr22-0033354920904087","unstructured":"SAS\n                      [computer software]. Version 9.4. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, Inc; 2012."},{"key":"bibr23-0033354920904087","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2017.05.057"},{"key":"bibr24-0033354920904087","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Overdose data to action. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugoverdose\/od2a\/index.html. Published 2019. Accessed December 10, 2019."}],"container-title":["Public Health Reports\u00ae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0033354920904087","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0033354920904087","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0033354920904087","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T09:35:56Z","timestamp":1777628156000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0033354920904087"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0033354920904087"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0033354920904087","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3549","1468-2877"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3549","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2877","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,10]]}}}