{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T18:18:10Z","timestamp":1779387490306,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Correctional settings (prisons, jails, detention facilities) provide a unique opportunity to screen for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among correctional populations with a high prevalence of infection. Immigrant detainees are a distinct and poorly described correctional population. The main objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of a national STI screening program for immigrant detainees.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Materials<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We developed an opt-out STI testing program that included electronic health record integration, patient education, and staff member training. We piloted this program from June 22 through August 19, 2018, at 2 detention facilities with different operational requirements and detainee demographic characteristics. We assessed STI test positivity rates, treatment outcomes, estimated cost to conduct testing and counseling, and staff member perceptions of program value and challenges to implementation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 1041 immigrant detainees approached for testing, 526 (50.5%) declined. Of 494 detainees who were tested, 42 (8.5%) tested positive for at least 1 STI; the percentage positivity rates were 6.7% (n = 33) for chlamydia, 0.8% (n = 4) for syphilis, 0.8% (n = 4) for gonorrhea, 0.6% (n = 3) for hepatitis B, and 0.2% (n = 1) for HIV. The estimated cost to detect any STI ranged from $500 to $961; the estimated cost to identify 1 person infected with HIV ranged from $22\u2005497 to $43 244. Forty of 42 persons who tested positive began treatment before release from custody. Medical staff members had positive views of the program but had concerns about workload.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Practice Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>STIs are prevalent among immigrant detainees. A routine screening program is feasible if operational aspects are carefully considered and would provide counseling, education, and treatment for this vulnerable population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354920928491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]],"date-time":"2020-07-31T10:50:45Z","timestamp":1596192645000},"page":"82S-89S","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Opt-out Testing Pilot for Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Immigrant Detainees at 2 Immigration and Customs Enforcement Health Service Corps\u2013Staffed Detention Facilities, 2018"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"135","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2056-9301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edith","family":"Lederman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement Health Service Corps, Washington, DC, USA"},{"name":"School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andria","family":"Blackwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement Health Service Corps, Washington, DC, USA"},{"name":"School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gina","family":"Tomkus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement Health Service Corps, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Misty","family":"Rios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement Health Service Corps, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brent","family":"Stephen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement Health Service Corps, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ada","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement Health Service Corps, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Farabaugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement Health Service Corps, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0033354920928491","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000224"},{"key":"bibr2-0033354920928491","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/521910"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr3-0033354920928491","first-page":"92","volume":"5","author":"Borysova ME.","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Health Dispar Res Pract"},{"key":"bibr4-0033354920928491","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2017.0089"},{"key":"bibr5-0033354920928491","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30379-8"},{"key":"bibr6-0033354920928491","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Syphilis\u20142015 STD treatment guidelines. Accessed March 23, 2020. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/tg2015\/default.htm"},{"issue":"14","key":"bibr7-0033354920928491","first-page":"1","volume":"55","author":"Branson BM.","year":"2006","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"bibr8-0033354920928491","unstructured":"National Commission on Correctional Health Care. Administrative management of HIV in correctional institutions. Accessed May 26, 2019. https:\/\/www.ncchc.org\/administrative-management-of-hiv-in-correctional-institutions"},{"issue":"24","key":"bibr9-0033354920928491","first-page":"811","volume":"60","author":"Strick LB.","year":"2011","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"bibr10-0033354920928491","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-019-3970-z"},{"key":"bibr11-0033354920928491","unstructured":"US Immigration and Customs Enforcement. 2011 operations manual ICE performance-based national detention standards. 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Evaluation of large jail STD screening programs, 2008-2009. Accessed May 26, 2019. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/publications\/JailScreening2011.pdf"},{"key":"bibr17-0033354920928491","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.302186"},{"key":"bibr18-0033354920928491","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Immigrant and Refugee Health. Technical instructions for panel physicians. 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