{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T03:03:36Z","timestamp":1793156616076,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23 DA045747-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23 DA045747-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007185","name":"university of california, los angeles","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007185","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>National data on the health of children and adolescents exposed to commercial sexual exploitation (CSE) are lacking, during both adolescence and adulthood. Using nationally representative data, we examined the health of male and female adolescents in grades 7-12 who experienced CSE exposure and subsequent adult health outcomes and access to health care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our retrospective cohort study used data from Waves I-IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (1994-2008) to characterize relationships between CSE exposure before or during adolescence and health during adolescence and adulthood. The analytic sample included 10 918 adult participants aged 24-34 in Wave IV. We performed bivariate analyses, stratified by sex, to quantify the relationship between CSE exposure before or during adolescence and adolescent and adult health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four percent of participants reported having a CSE exposure before or during adolescence (5% of males, 3% of females). Factors associated with CSE exposure among adolescents included race\/ethnicity, parental education level, previous abuse, same-sex romantic attractions, history of ever having run away from home, and substance use. During adolescence, exposure to CSE was associated with worse overall health, depressive symptoms, and suicidal thoughts for both males and females. In adulthood, adolescent CSE exposure was associated with depression among males and functional limitations among females. A higher percentage of males with CSE exposure before or during adolescence, compared with their non\u2013CSE-exposed peers, used the emergency department as their usual source of care during adulthood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CSE exposure before or during adolescence was associated with poor adolescent and adult health outcomes and health care access. Observed differences between males and females warrant further exploration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549211054082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T09:14:31Z","timestamp":1656666871000},"page":"53S-62S","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Commercial Sexual Exploitation During Adolescence: A US-Based National Study of Adolescent to Adult Health"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"137","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1664-4551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth S.","family":"Barnert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"UCLA Children\u2019s Discovery & Innovation Institute, Mattel Children\u2019s Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eraka","family":"Bath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nia","family":"Heard-Garris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"UCLA Children\u2019s Discovery & Innovation Institute, Mattel Children\u2019s Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alma","family":"Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"UCLA Children\u2019s Discovery & Innovation Institute, Mattel Children\u2019s Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Biely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"UCLA Children\u2019s Discovery & Innovation Institute, Mattel Children\u2019s Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Health Policy & Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Dudovitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"UCLA Children\u2019s Discovery & Innovation Institute, Mattel Children\u2019s Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2017.07.009"},{"key":"bibr2-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-4138"},{"key":"bibr3-00333549211054082","volume-title":"Confronting Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Sex Trafficking of Minors in the United States","author":"Institute of Medicine and National Resource Council","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr4-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2014.07.001"},{"key":"bibr5-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2016.1167802"},{"key":"bibr6-00333549211054082","volume-title":"Confronting Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Sex Trafficking of Minors in the United States: Guide for the Health Care Sector","author":"Institute of Medicine and National Resource Council","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr7-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08964289.2018.1432554"},{"key":"bibr8-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2015.08.007"},{"key":"bibr9-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063214544334"},{"key":"bibr10-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2019.02.002"},{"key":"bibr11-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.11.002"},{"key":"bibr12-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08964289.2018.1432550"},{"key":"bibr13-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559517709995"},{"key":"bibr14-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12103-015-9313-7"},{"key":"bibr15-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2006.020693"},{"key":"bibr16-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063210374347"},{"key":"bibr17-00333549211054082","volume-title":"The Add Health Study: Design and Accomplishments","author":"Harris KM","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr18-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.10.002"},{"key":"bibr19-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2955359"},{"key":"bibr20-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-2624"},{"key":"bibr21-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.12060782"},{"key":"bibr22-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwv149"},{"key":"bibr23-00333549211054082","author":"Moore J.","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"bibr24-00333549211054082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.104042"}],"container-title":["Public Health Reports\u00ae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00333549211054082","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00333549211054082","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00333549211054082","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T09:37:30Z","timestamp":1777628250000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00333549211054082"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1_suppl","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00333549211054082"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00333549211054082","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3549","1468-2877"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3549","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2877","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}}}