{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:30:13Z","timestamp":1790613013762,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]],"date-time":"2021-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An antibiogram is a summary of antibiotic susceptibility patterns for selected bacterial pathogens and antibiotics. The New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services\u2019 Division of Public Health Services (DPHS) sought to create an annual state antibiogram to monitor statewide antibiotic resistance trends, guide appropriate empiric antibiotic prescribing, and inform future statewide antibiotic stewardship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Through legislative authority, DPHS required hospital laboratories to report antibiogram data annually. DPHS convened an advisory group of infectious disease and pharmacy stakeholders and experts to develop a standardized reporting form for bacteria and antibiotic susceptibility, which was disseminated to all 26 hospitals in New Hampshire. We combined the reported data into a statewide antibiogram, and we created clinical messaging to highlight findings and promote rational antibiotic prescribing among health care providers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All hospital laboratories in New Hampshire submitted annual antibiogram data for 2016 and 2017, including more than 30 000 and 20 000 bacterial isolates recovered from urine and nonurine cultures, respectively, each year. The advisory group created clinical messages for appropriate treatment of common infectious syndromes, including uncomplicated urinary tract infections, community-acquired pneumonia, skin and soft-tissue infections, intra-abdominal infections, and health care\u2013associated gram-negative aerobic infections. The statewide antibiograms and clinical messaging were widely disseminated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The small size of New Hampshire, a centralized public health structure, and close working relationships with hospitals and clinical partners allowed for efficient creation and dissemination of an annual statewide antibiogram, which has fostered public health\u2013clinical partnerships and built a foundation for future state-coordinated antibiotic stewardship. This process serves as a model for other jurisdictions that are considering antibiogram development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354921995778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]],"date-time":"2021-03-05T20:55:56Z","timestamp":1614977756000},"page":"72-80","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Creation of State Antibiogram and Subsequent Launch of Public Health\u2013Coordinated Antibiotic Stewardship in New Hampshire: Small State, Big Collaboration"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"137","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2054-1739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah M.","family":"Leeman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services, Concord, NH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin P.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services, Concord, NH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carly R.","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services, Concord, NH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Talbot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services, Concord, NH, USA"},{"name":"Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA"},{"name":"Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Calderwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA"},{"name":"Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apara R.","family":"Dave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exeter Hospital, Exeter, NH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lakes Region General Healthcare, Laconia, NH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrina E.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services, Concord, NH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15620\/cdc:82532"},{"key":"bibr2-0033354921995778","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. U.S. National Action Plan for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (National Action Plan). September 2014. Accessed November 10, 2020. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugresistance\/us-activities\/national-action-plan.html"},{"key":"bibr3-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.4151"},{"key":"bibr4-0033354921995778","volume-title":"Antibiotic Use in the United States 2017: Progress and Opportunities","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr5-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.5651"},{"issue":"9","key":"bibr6-0033354921995778","first-page":"194","volume":"63","author":"Fridkin S","year":"2014","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"bibr7-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw118"},{"key":"bibr8-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00825-16"},{"key":"bibr9-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/599172"},{"key":"bibr10-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6430a4"},{"key":"bibr11-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6713e1"},{"key":"bibr12-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.4.1151-1161.2001"},{"issue":"9","key":"bibr13-0033354921995778","first-page":"165","volume":"62","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2013","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"bibr14-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2010.11.007"},{"key":"bibr15-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2410.180649"},{"key":"bibr16-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6536e3"},{"key":"bibr17-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6536e2"},{"key":"bibr18-0033354921995778","volume-title":"Analysis and Presentation of Cumulative Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Data; Approved Guideline","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr19-0033354921995778","unstructured":"New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Public Health Services. NH statewide antibiogram. Accessed November 11, 2020. www.dhhs.nh.gov\/dphs\/cdcs\/hai\/publications.htm"},{"key":"bibr20-0033354921995778","unstructured":"New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Public Health Services. State of New Hampshire 2016 state antibiogram. December 2017. Accessed October 28, 2020. https:\/\/www.dhhs.nh.gov\/dphs\/cdcs\/hai\/documents\/antibiogram-sum-2016.pdf"},{"key":"bibr21-0033354921995778","unstructured":"New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Public Health Services. State of New Hampshire 2017 state antibiogram and implications for antibiotic prescribing. October 2018. Accessed October 28, 2020. https:\/\/www.dhhs.nh.gov\/dphs\/cdcs\/hai\/documents\/antibiogram-sum-2017.pdf"},{"key":"bibr22-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2019.179"},{"key":"bibr23-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2018.71"},{"key":"bibr24-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/673974"},{"key":"bibr25-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003335491112600208"},{"key":"bibr26-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0897190017735425"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr27-0033354921995778","first-page":"81","volume":"46","author":"Castrodale L","year":"2004","journal-title":"Alaska Med"},{"key":"bibr28-0033354921995778","unstructured":"Massachusetts Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences. Massachusetts antibiograms: statewide antibiograms. 2019. Accessed October 28, 2020. https:\/\/www.mass.gov\/service-details\/massachusetts-antibiograms"},{"key":"bibr29-0033354921995778","unstructured":"State of Hawaii, Department of Health, Disease Outbreak Control Division. State antibiogram. Accessed October 28, 2020. https:\/\/health.hawaii.gov\/docd\/resources\/reports\/state-antibiogram"},{"key":"bibr30-0033354921995778","unstructured":"Washington State Department of Health. Antibiograms. Accessed October 28, 2020. https:\/\/www.doh.wa.gov\/ForPublicHealthandHealthcareProviders\/HealthcareProfessionsandFacilities\/AntibioticResistance\/Stewardship\/Antibiograms"},{"key":"bibr31-0033354921995778","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.07.016"}],"container-title":["Public Health Reports\u00ae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0033354921995778","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0033354921995778","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0033354921995778","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T09:37:48Z","timestamp":1777628268000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0033354921995778"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0033354921995778"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0033354921995778","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3549","1468-2877"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3549","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2877","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]]}}}