{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:45:04Z","timestamp":1777898704743,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667174400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated 2 innovative approaches that supported COVID-19 case investigation and contact tracing (CI\/CT) in Chicago communities: (1) early engagement of people diagnosed with COVID-19 by leveraging the existing Healthcare Alert Network to send automated telephone calls and text messages and (2) establishment of a network of on-site case investigators and contact tracers within partner health care facilities (HCFs) and community-based organizations (CBOs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Chicago Department of Public Health used Healthcare Alert Network data to calculate the proportion of people with confirmed COVID-19 who successfully received an automated telephone call or text message during December 27, 2020\u2013April 24, 2021. The department also used CI\/CT data to calculate the proportion of cases successfully interviewed and named contacts successfully notified, as well as the time to successful case interview and to successful contact notification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 67 882 people with COVID-19, 94.3% (n = 64 011) received an automated telephone call and 91.7% (n = 62 239) received a text message. Of the 65 470 COVID-19 cases pulled from CI\/CT data, 24 450 (37.3%) interviews were completed, including 6212 (61.3%) of the 10 126 cases diagnosed in HCFs. The median time from testing to successful case interview was 3 days for Chicago Department of Public Health investigators and 4 days for HCF investigators. Overall, 34 083 contacts were named; 13 117 (38.5%) were successfully notified, including 9068 (36.6%) of the 24 761 contacts assigned to CBOs. The median time from contact elicitation to completed notification by CBOs was &lt;24 hours.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Partnerships with HCFs and CBOs helped deliver timely CI\/CT during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting a potential benefit of engaging non\u2013public health institutions in CI\/CT for existing and emerging diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549221131372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T08:13:17Z","timestamp":1667203997000},"page":"40S-45S","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Unified Response to COVID-19 Case Investigation and Contact Tracing, Chicago, December 2020\u2013April 2021"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Kern","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chicago Department of Public Health, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Tabidze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chicago Department of Public Health, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8714-7520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laxmi","family":"Modali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sunbelt Staffing LLC, Oldsmar, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Stonehouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chicago Department of Public Health, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayla","family":"Karamustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chicago Department of Public Health, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00333549221131372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHH.0000000000001290"},{"key":"bibr2-00333549221131372","unstructured":"National Academy for State Health Policy. State approaches to contact tracing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Updated July 7, 2022. Accessed March 1, 2022. https:\/\/www.nashp.org\/state-approaches-to-contact-tracing-covid-19"},{"key":"bibr3-00333549221131372","unstructured":"City of Chicago. Chicago COVID dashboard. Accessed December 7, 2021. https:\/\/www.chicago.gov\/city\/en\/sites\/covid-19\/home\/covid-dashboard.html"},{"key":"bibr4-00333549221131372","unstructured":"Chicago Department of Public Health. Healthy Chicago 2025. Accessed December 9, 2021. https:\/\/www.chicago.gov\/city\/en\/depts\/cdph\/provdrs\/healthy_communities\/svcs\/healthy-chicago-2025.html"},{"key":"bibr5-00333549221131372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354920967910"},{"key":"bibr6-00333549221131372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.721952"},{"key":"bibr7-00333549221131372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-1665"},{"key":"bibr8-00333549221131372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549211068495"},{"key":"bibr9-00333549221131372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-021-00974-5"},{"key":"bibr10-00333549221131372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6938e3"},{"key":"bibr11-00333549221131372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.15850"},{"key":"bibr12-00333549221131372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.782296"},{"key":"bibr13-00333549221131372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2021.04.002"},{"key":"bibr14-00333549221131372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhip.2021.100170"},{"key":"bibr15-00333549221131372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7003a3"},{"key":"bibr16-00333549221131372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHH.0000000000001488"}],"container-title":["Public Health Reports\u00ae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00333549221131372","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00333549221131372","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00333549221131372","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T09:38:35Z","timestamp":1777628315000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00333549221131372"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2_suppl","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00333549221131372"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00333549221131372","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3549","1468-2877"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3549","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2877","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]]}}}