{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T15:57:21Z","timestamp":1780588641860,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,27]],"date-time":"2023-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TL1 T-R002000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TL1 T-R002000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interpreting during the COVID-19 pandemic caused stress and adverse mental health among sign language interpreters. The objective of this study was to summarize the pandemic-related work experiences of sign language interpreters and interpreting administrators upon transitioning from on-site to remote work.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From March through August 2021, we conducted focus groups with 22 sign language interpreters in 5 settings, 1 focus group for each setting: staff, educational, community\/freelance, video remote interpreting, and video relay services. We also conducted 5 individual interviews with interpreting administrators or individuals in positions of administrative leadership in each represented setting. The 22 interpreters had a mean (SD) age of 43.4 (9.8) years, 18 were female, 17 were White, all identified as hearing, and all worked a mean (SD) of 30.6 (11.6) hours per week in remote interpreting. We asked participants about the positive and negative consequences of transitioning from on-site to remote at-home interpreting. We established a thematic framework by way of qualitative description for data analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found considerable overlap across positive and negative consequences identified by interpreters and interpreting administrators. Positive consequences of transitioning from on-site to remote-at-home interpreting were realized across 5 overarching topic areas: organizational support, new opportunities, well-being, connections\/relationships, and scheduling. Negative consequences emerged across 4 overarching topic areas: technology, financial aspects, availability of the interpreter workforce, and concerns about the occupational health of interpreters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The positive and negative consequences shared by interpreters and interpreting administrators provide foundational knowledge upon which to create recommendations for the anticipated sustainment of some remote interpreting practice in a manner that protects and promotes occupational health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549231173941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,27]],"date-time":"2023-05-27T06:37:45Z","timestamp":1685169465000},"page":"691-704","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Experiences of Sign Language Interpreters and Perspectives of Interpreting Administrators During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Description"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"138","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4306-1586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gretchen","family":"Roman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA"},{"name":"Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Samar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Liberal Studies, National Technical Institute for the Deaf, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Ossip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"McKee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Barnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Yousefi-Nooraie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00333549231173941","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21507740\/2021\/1918283"},{"key":"bibr2-00333549231173941","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21507740.2021.1941410"},{"key":"bibr3-00333549231173941","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9756\/INT-JRCSE\/V13I2.211152"},{"key":"bibr4-00333549231173941","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/tis.18008.dem"},{"key":"bibr5-00333549231173941","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15388\/VertStud.2021.7"},{"key":"bibr6-00333549231173941","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0907676X.2022.2028873"},{"key":"bibr7-00333549231173941","unstructured":"Schwenke T. Sign language interpreters and burnout. J Interpretation. 2012;20(1):article 7. Accessed April 1, 2022. http:\/\/digitalcommons.unf.edu\/joi\/vol20\/iss1\/7"},{"key":"bibr8-00333549231173941","volume-title":"Job Satisfaction, Role Strain, Burnout, and Self-Care Among American Sign Language\/English Interpreters","author":"Humphrey C","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr9-00333549231173941","unstructured":"Lai M, Heydon G. Vicarious trauma among interpreters. Inter J Interpreter Educ. 2015;7(1):article 3. Accessed April 1, 2022. https:\/\/tigerprints.clemson.edu\/ijie\/vol7\/iss1\/3"},{"key":"bibr10-00333549231173941","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd19.210462"},{"key":"bibr11-00333549231173941","volume-title":"Social Isolation, Anxiety, and Stress Among VRS\/VRI Sign Language Interpreters During the COVID-19 Pandemic","author":"Schnack K","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr12-00333549231173941","volume-title":"Looking Forward: COVID-19 and Its Impact on Working Interpreters","author":"McKibbin K","year":"2021"},{"key":"bibr13-00333549231173941","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Rolling updates on coronavirus disease (COVID-19). 2020. Accessed April 1, 2022. https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019\/events-as-they-happen"},{"key":"bibr14-00333549231173941","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-022-07776-y"},{"key":"bibr15-00333549231173941","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frhs.2022.882615"},{"key":"bibr16-00333549231173941","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_321_19"},{"key":"bibr17-00333549231173941","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctv2rh2bs3"},{"key":"bibr18-00333549231173941","first-page":"269","volume-title":"Qualitative Research Practice: A Guide for Social Science Students and Researchers","volume":"2013","author":"Spencer L","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr19-00333549231173941","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-13-117"},{"key":"bibr20-00333549231173941","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-240x(200008)23:4<334::aid-nur9>3.0.co;2-g"},{"key":"bibr21-00333549231173941","unstructured":"National Consortium of Interpreter Education Centers, Deaf Interpreter Institute. What is a deaf interpreter? 2016. Accessed November 22, 2022. http:\/\/diinstitute.org\/what-is-the-deaf-interpreter"}],"container-title":["Public Health Reports\u00ae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00333549231173941","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00333549231173941","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00333549231173941","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T09:39:03Z","timestamp":1777628343000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00333549231173941"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,27]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00333549231173941"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00333549231173941","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3549","1468-2877"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3549","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2877","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,27]]}}}