{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T16:03:30Z","timestamp":1781798610475,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710806400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A severe staff shortage and a dearth of professionals from underrepresented backgrounds in the public health workforce are contributing to poor health outcomes in the United States. Schools and programs can mitigate these problems by admitting more graduate public health students overall and from underrepresented backgrounds. We identified predictors of foundational graduate public health course grades and graduate grade point average (GPA), sharing evidence to remove application factors that are admission barriers and do not predict student outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a linear regression analysis on demographic and academic factors from 564 graduate public health applications for students at the University at Buffalo who received their degree from January 1, 2016, to February 1, 2021, analyzing age, race and ethnicity, sex, income, undergraduate degree, verbal and quantitative Graduate Record Examination (GRE) percentiles, and undergraduate GPA. Outcomes were grades in foundational public health courses and cumulative graduate GPA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Undergraduate GPA was the best predictor of graduate public health student success, explaining nearly 7% of foundational public health course grades and 29% of graduate GPA. Higher undergraduate GPA contributed to higher course grades and graduate GPA. GRE scores explained &lt;1% of student outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings add to the growing body of research showing that standardized test scores may not predict graduate student outcomes and provide further evidence for the field of public health to consider removing this admission barrier. By doing so, institutions could admit more students to graduate public health programs who can bring needed skills to the market, further diversifying the workforce and public health faculty, to better meet population health needs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549241236151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T01:44:16Z","timestamp":1710899056000},"page":"638-643","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["What Predicts Graduate Public Health Student Success? Evidence for Admission Committees in a Post\u2013Affirmative Action Landscape"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"139","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1487-7340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimberly","family":"Krytus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University at Buffalo School of Public Health and Health Professions, Buffalo, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1343-1435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica S.","family":"Kruger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University at Buffalo School of Public Health and Health Professions, Buffalo, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory G.","family":"Homish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University at Buffalo School of Public Health and Health Professions, Buffalo, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-00333549241236151","volume-title":"Presented at: American Public Health Association Annual Meeting","author":"Miles-Richardson S."},{"key":"bibr2-00333549241236151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/phh.0000000000000939"},{"key":"bibr3-00333549241236151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-071421-032830"},{"key":"bibr4-00333549241236151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/Ajph.2021.306317"},{"key":"bibr5-00333549241236151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2022.01251"},{"key":"bibr6-00333549241236151","unstructured":"Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health. The alarming exodus of the governmental public health workforce is an urgent call for action. July 19, 2023. Accessed July 21, 2023. https:\/\/aspph.org\/statement-the-alarming-exodus-of-the-governmental-public-health-workforce"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr7-00333549241236151","first-page":"1","volume":"49","author":"Barna M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nation\u2019s Health"},{"key":"bibr8-00333549241236151","unstructured":"de Beaumont Foundation. 2021 findings. 2024. Accessed June 1, 2023. https:\/\/debeaumont.org\/phwins\/2021-findings"},{"key":"bibr9-00333549241236151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/phh.0000000000000967"},{"key":"bibr10-00333549241236151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003335491613100318"},{"key":"bibr11-00333549241236151","unstructured":"de Beaumont Foundation. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: rising stress and burnout in public health\u2014results of a national survey of the public health workforce. 2022. 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Accessed January 15, 2023. https:\/\/www.census.gov\/quickfacts\/fact\/table\/US\/RHI825218"},{"key":"bibr17-00333549241236151","volume-title":"Data Reporting and Analytics Portal","author":"Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health Data Center","year":"2022"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr18-00333549241236151","first-page":"67","volume":"6","author":"Bouye KE","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Healthc Sci Humanit"},{"key":"bibr19-00333549241236151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21916\/mlr.2016.26"},{"key":"bibr20-00333549241236151","unstructured":"US Supreme Court. Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v President and Fellows of Harvard College. 2023. Accessed July 2, 2023. https:\/\/www.supremecourt.gov\/opinions\/22pdf\/20-1199_hgdj.pdf"},{"key":"bibr21-00333549241236151","unstructured":"Gipson K. The end of affirmative action will lead to more preventable deaths. The Hill. July 11, 2023. Accessed July 12, 2023. https:\/\/thehill.com\/opinion\/healthcare\/4089370-the-end-of-affirmative-action-will-lead-to-more-preventable-deaths"},{"key":"bibr22-00333549241236151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.2023.307352"},{"key":"bibr23-00333549241236151","unstructured":"Liaison International. SOPHAS, the centralized application service for public health. 2024. Accessed April 10, 2023. https:\/\/sophas.org"},{"key":"bibr24-00333549241236151","unstructured":"Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health. GRE Scores and Public Health Admissions. Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health; 2021. Accessed May 15, 2023. https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/ASPPH_Media_Files\/Docs\/ASPPH_GRE+Position+Paper.pdf"},{"key":"bibr25-00333549241236151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354918814259"},{"key":"bibr26-00333549241236151","unstructured":"Claybourn C. Grad school entrance exams: what prospective students need to know. US News and World Report. September 26, 2023. Accessed January 20, 2024. https:\/\/www.usnews.com\/education\/best-graduate-schools\/articles\/2017-03-14\/graduate-school-entrance-exams-what-prospective-students-need-to-know"},{"key":"bibr27-00333549241236151","unstructured":"Educational Testing Services. A snapshot of the individuals who took the GRE general test July 2016\u2013June 2021. 2022. 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