{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:46:24Z","timestamp":1777898784536,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Maine, rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) administration is reportable to public health. We sought to determine the objectives of the Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention\u2019s (Maine CDC\u2019s) PEP administration surveillance system and whether the method of conducting surveillance through a manual health care provider (hereinafter, provider) reporting system meets these objectives. We also compared provider-reported PEP administrations with administrations identified in emergency department (ED) data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During September 2022, we interviewed 8 Maine CDC epidemiologists to determine system objectives. We obtained and compared PEP administration data from provider reporting system and ED data and summarized each dataset by year, exposing animal, and facility. We assessed the ability of each source to address surveillance system objectives by comparing data elements with each objective.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maine CDC epidemiologists described the following objectives of the surveillance system: (1) track potential human exposures to rabid or potentially rabid animals, (2) document PEP administration trends, and (3) ensure PEP is correctly administered. They determined the third objective is not being achieved by the current system. During January 2018\u2013June 2022, we identified 538 provider-reported PEP administrations and 1191 PEP administrations through ED data. ED data were more timely than provider reports and identified more PEP administrations, but 28% of ED records did not contain information on the exposing animal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maine CDC can use ED data to document PEP administration trends in near-real time. ED data obtained from syndromic surveillance might be used in tandem with or in place of Maine CDC\u2019s traditional PEP surveillance system. We are building more complex queries that more fully capture PEP administrations to have a thorough understanding of PEP administered in Maine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549251413549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T06:10:16Z","timestamp":1770185416000},"page":"364-370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Leveraging Syndromic Surveillance for Rabies Postexposure Prophylaxis Surveillance in Maine, 2018-2022"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"141","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7835-0583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liz","family":"Lamere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"},{"name":"Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Augusta, ME, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5865-2943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haris","family":"Sohail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Augusta, ME, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6815-7505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Augusta, ME, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00124784-200505000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"Bender J. A Catalog and Review of Public Health Reporting Burden in the U.S. Office of the Chief Technology Officer of Department of Health and Human Services. US Department of Health and Human Services; 2018. Accessed June 6 2024. https:\/\/www.healthit.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/page\/2020-03\/ACatalogandReviewofPublicHealthReportingBurdenintheU.S.e.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009878"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Use of a reduced (4-dose) vaccine schedule for postexposure prophylaxis to prevent human rabies: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices","volume":"59","author":"Rupprecht CE","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rupprecht CE, Briggs D, Brown CM, et al. Use of a reduced (4-dose) vaccine schedule for postexposure prophylaxis to prevent human rabies: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2010;59(RR-2):1-9.","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354917708355"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PHH.0000333879.55572.a4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","volume-title":"Abstract presented at Epidemic Intelligence Service Conference","author":"Kreuze MA","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kreuze MA, Duwell M, Blythe D, Crum D, Rebert L, Curley D. Rabies postexposure prophylaxis surveillance system: a need for data modernization\u2014Maryland, 2021. Abstract presented at Epidemic Intelligence Service Conference; May 2-5, 2022; Atlanta, GA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","volume-title":"Poster presented at: Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists Conference","author":"Wade A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wade A, Kwit N, Fialkowski V, Kelso P, Kasehagen L. Multi-system comparison for evaluation of the Vermont rabies post-exposure prophylaxis surveillance system. Poster presented at: Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists Conference. June 10-14, 2018; West Palm Beach, FL."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","unstructured":"State of Maine. Control of notifiable diseases and conditions rule. 10-144 Code of Maine Rules Ch. 258 (May 12 2020). Accessed June 6 2024. https:\/\/www.mehca.org\/files\/QualityRegs\/10-144-CMR-c258-Emergency_052020.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (10th ed). 2019. Accessed December 10 2025. https:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse10\/2019\/en"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.245.3.333"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549211050897"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2021.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549241249675"}],"container-title":["Public Health Reports\u00ae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00333549251413549","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00333549251413549","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00333549251413549","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T09:40:59Z","timestamp":1777628459000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00333549251413549"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00333549251413549"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00333549251413549","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-3549","1468-2877"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-3549","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2877","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]}}}