{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:29:24Z","timestamp":1791210564949,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Numerous nonclinical health factors such as housing and access to services shape public health outcomes and are essential for understanding and addressing population needs. National initiatives, including the United States Core Data for Interoperability (USCDI), aim to standardize data collection and improve data sharing across health care and public health systems. Dataset quality is critical for reliable decision-making and patient care. However, challenges in limited validation, fragmentation, and integration issues remain. This study assessed the quality of national public health datasets and evaluated their alignment with USCDI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An interdisciplinary public health informatics team analyzed 5 datasets across social, economic, education, physical, and health services domains during 2024-2025. The research team examined data quality using 6 metrics: completeness, uniqueness, accuracy, timeliness, consistency, and conformity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The analysis revealed high levels of completeness (100%) and uniqueness (100%) for a subset of USCDI-mapped elements across most datasets; however, other data quality metrics (accuracy, timeliness, and conformity) could not be uniformly assessed because of dataset characteristics and limited gold-standard reference values. We developed a publicly accessible toolkit to support informaticists and data scientists in creating dataset quality metrics and advancing alignment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study underscores the role of data standards in strengthening public health data quality through improved alignment. The toolkit may serve as a practical resource for aligning datasets with USCDI and enhancing reliability for public health analysis. Future research linking public health and clinical data could advance interoperability and promote health equity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549261477654","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T16:52:43Z","timestamp":1788108763000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Quality Assessment of Public Health Datasets and Their Alignment With the United States Core Data for Interoperability (USCDI) Data Elements"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0261-6020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chirine","family":"Chehab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8556-4523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noah","family":"Jaafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3273-5357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kingsley","family":"Arhin-Wiredu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5855-1062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nnamdi","family":"Usifoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8268-5714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Michaels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0247-7223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Temilade","family":"Sorungbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Social determinants of health. 2024. Accessed January 10 2024. https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/social-determinants-of-health"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2030: social determinants of health. 2020. Accessed October 3 2023. https:\/\/health.gov\/healthypeople\/priority-areas\/social-determinants-health"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","unstructured":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. About SDOH in healthcare. 2020. Accessed October 3 2023. https:\/\/www.ahrq.gov\/sdoh\/about.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","volume-title":"Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains in Electronic Health Records: Phase 1","author":"Institute of Medicine, Committee on the Recommended Social and Behavioral Domains and Measures for Electronic Health Records","year":"2014","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine, Committee on the Recommended Social and Behavioral Domains and Measures for Electronic Health Records. Capturing Social and Behavioral Domains in Electronic Health Records: Phase 1. National Academies Press; 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","unstructured":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. AHRQ social determinants of health (SDOH) database: data source documentation. 2023. Accessed November 20 2023. https:\/\/www.ahrq.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/wysiwyg\/sdoh\/SDOH-Data-Sources-Documentation-v1-Final.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act (MACRA): MIPS & APMs. 2024. Accessed April 9 2026. https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/medicare\/quality\/value-based-programs\/chip-reauthorization-act"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. CMS National Quality Strategy. 2026. Accessed April 9 2026. https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/medicare\/quality\/meaningful-measures-initiative\/cms-quality-strategy"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21106\/ijma.236"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JAC.0000000000000221"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Implementing public health interoperability. 2025. Accessed March 20 2023. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/data-interoperability\/php\/public-health-strategy\/index.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","unstructured":"Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology. USCDI social determinants of health. 2020. Accessed March 20 2023. https:\/\/www.healthit.gov\/isa\/uscdi-data-class\/social-determinants-health"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac826"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"1192","article-title":"Health data, technology, and interoperability: certification program updates, algorithm transparency, and information sharing","volume":"89","author":"Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology","year":"2024","unstructured":"Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology. Health data, technology, and interoperability: certification program updates, algorithm transparency, and information sharing. 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Accessed November 20 2023. https:\/\/data.cdc.gov"},{"issue":"139","key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","first-page":"25642","article-title":"21st Century Cures Act: interoperability, information blocking, and the ONC health IT certification program","volume":"85","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2020","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services. 21st Century Cures Act: interoperability, information blocking, and the ONC health IT certification program. Fed Regist. 2020;85(139):25642-25961.","journal-title":"Fed Regist"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","unstructured":"US Congress. 21st Century Cures Act. H.R. 34 114th Congress. December 13 2016. Accessed April 9 2026. https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/114th-congress\/house-bill\/34?__cf_chl_f_tk=XqpDNIRi96w3ulm3H8umX2vmvru4ilJ2iLGf2ikGXDk-1782965338-1.0.1.1-zBtkboU6vFw.Ci5qz7iHeXsn3ZQqWzCmP1bG2egfGtw"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","unstructured":"Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology. Electronic public health reporting & recording of social & behavioral determinants of health among office-based physicians 2019. 2022. Accessed March 20 2023. https:\/\/healthit.gov\/data\/data-briefs\/electronic-public-health-reporting-recording-social-behavioral-determinants-health"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) audits. 2024. 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