{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T18:51:55Z","timestamp":1787943115410,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"EDA hospital","award":["EDAHP110009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EDAHP110009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science Progress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) with vasoconstrictors has been recommended for acute esophageal variceal bleeding. However, the optimal duration of vasoconstrictors after EVL is controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to explore the efficacy of short-course vasoconstrictors (\u22643\u2009days) versus standard combination (3\u20135\u2009days). A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases with subsequent meta-analysis. The primary outcomes were 5-day rebleeding, mortality, and treatment failure rates. A risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval is used for outcome comparison. Nine randomized studies with 838 patients were included. The initial hemostasis (96.8% vs 97.4%, p\u2009=\u20090.919), 5-day rebleeding (11.2% vs 8.3%, RR\u2009=\u20091.05, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.62\u20131.76), mortality (0 vs 1.3%, RR\u2009=\u20090.48, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.10\u20132.39), and treatment failure (7.4% vs 5.9%, RR\u2009=\u20091.10, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.48\u20132.49) were similar in both groups. Subgroup analysis suggested EVL alone had no significant difference of 5-day re-bleeding (15.9% vs 7.1%, RR\u2009=\u20092.25, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.87\u20135.77), mortality (0 vs 0.7%, RR\u2009=\u20090.71, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.08\u20136.03), treatment failure (9.6% vs 6.7%, RR\u2009=\u20091.43, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.54\u20133.75) compared to standard combination. Clinical heterogeneity was found for the rebleeding rate for the subgroup during sensitivity analysis. EVL with short-course vasoconstrictors is highly efficacious for esophageal variceal bleeding. Further studies are required to determine the genuine need of subsequent vasoconstrictor after successful EVL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00368504211031711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,14]],"date-time":"2021-07-14T13:35:56Z","timestamp":1626269756000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Short-course vasoconstrictors are adequate for esophageal variceal bleeding after endoscopic variceal ligation: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Jen-Hao","family":"Yeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital\/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung"},{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7190-200X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gin-Ho","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital\/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ru-Yi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, E-DA Hospital\/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Wen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital\/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Lun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital\/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daw-Shyong","family":"Perng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital\/I-Shou University, 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