{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:11:00Z","timestamp":1791893460683,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003500","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Padova","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DOR2399707\/23 (G. Marioni)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DOR2399707\/23 (G. Marioni)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003500","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science Progress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>During pregnancy, women experience substantial anthropometric, cardiovascular, hormonal and psychological changes that affect several organs involving the circulatory, respiratory, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, dermatological and sensory systems. The main aim of this review was to analyse the available literature on postural strategies throughout pregnancy in both static and dynamic conditions. The secondary aim was to assess and discuss the current knowledge regarding vestibular disorders during pregnancy. Pregnant women with vestibular disorders need appropriate and safe treatments to resolve or reduce symptoms without risks for mother and foetus. Our protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42024622122). A literature search was conducted screening PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. After duplicates removal and exclusion of records due to coherence with the inclusion\/exclusion criteria, 41 articles relevant to the topic were examined. Although some studies claimed no changes in postural behaviour during pregnancy, most of the available evidence seems to demonstrate significant modifications in posture and balance metrics, with multiple mechanisms. Physiological changes that occur in the mother's body during pregnancy have been considered as a possible substrate for developing vestibular disorders. Dizziness and vertigo were reported in pregnancy in small, low-quality studies. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, vestibular neuritis, M\u00e9ni\u00e8re disease, vestibular migraine and vestibular schwannoma have all been documented in pregnant women. To overcome reported limitations, prospective studies, preferably multicentre and involving third-level audio-vestibular centres are mandatory in order to define rational diagnostic and treatment approaches for vestibular disorders to protect the safety of the mother and foetus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00368504251343778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T03:36:32Z","timestamp":1747971392000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Balance control and vestibular disorders in pregnant women: A comprehensive review on pathophysiology, clinical features and rational treatment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2306-4088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"Franz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Padova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1347-4013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Frosolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Siena"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Parrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, ASST Sette Laghi, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8581-5660","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulio","family":"Badin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Padova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Piccoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azienda Sanitaria Friuli Occidentale"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Poli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Padova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Giulia","family":"Bertocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Padova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Spinato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Padova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cosimo","family":"de Filippis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Padova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gino","family":"Marioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Padova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2024.106264"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.59249\/JTIV4138"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0312868"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2011.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2025.1538286"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","first-page":"510","article-title":"Force platform measures for evaluating postural control: reliability and validity","volume":"70","author":"Goldie PA","year":"1989","unstructured":"Goldie PA, Bach TM, Evans OM. Force platform measures for evaluating postural control: reliability and validity. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1989; 70: 510\u2013517.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10407413.2010.496645"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2021.103136"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-021-01626-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076522"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46658\/JBIMES-24-01"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2024.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2022.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2024.106370"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2020.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2013.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2014.934220"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.41059"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.2018-0345"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2020.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2023.106016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2024.07.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.08.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0287221"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2014.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2017.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2009.09.058"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2010.02589.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2011.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2013.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2013.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5277\/ABB-00753-2016-02"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.06.091"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.06.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124207"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2018.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2015.1049148"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2023.111618"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2019.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36129\/jog.32.01.05"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2015.07.058"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1808-86942010000100006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01443615.2015.1086983"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/medarh.2018.72.131-135"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14433"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2020.105062"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12693"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/tao.2017.2079"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2019.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joto.2019.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348945606500311"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000276956"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003489414525590"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480500388984"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1370784"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1270989"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2024.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-201644"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Finley JM Dhaher YY Perreault EJ. Regulation of feed-forward and feedback strategies at the human ankle during balance control. In: 2009 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE; 2009: pp. 7265\u20137268. doi:10.1109\/IEMBS.2009.5334730","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2009.5334730"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2024.102915"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2021.1935849"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","first-page":"30","article-title":"Otolaryngology and the pregnant patient","volume":"149","author":"Lawlor CM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lawlor CM, Graham ME, Owen LC, et al. Otolaryngology and the pregnant patient. JAMA Otolaryngol Neck Surg 2023; 149: 30.","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Neck Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348945206100403"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599816689667"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.100420"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","first-page":"681","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)","volume":"169","author":"Parnes LS","year":"2003","unstructured":"Parnes LS, Agrawal SK, Atlas J. Diagnosis and management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). CMAJ Can Med Assoc J J Assoc Medicale Can 2003; 169: 681\u2013693.","journal-title":"CMAJ Can Med Assoc J J Assoc Medicale Can"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.07.045"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2015.11.3.262"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-3402733"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000003586"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590500441614"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000190"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-024-04961-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.29814"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2019.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD008873.pub5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-220201"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000490275"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AUD.0000000000001574"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v16010012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2018.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2021.38.30.27646"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18621\/eurj.436874"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0000000000000382"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-1944-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_92_2","first-page":"34","article-title":"Vestibular rehabilitation for unilateral peripheral vestibular deficits","volume":"148","author":"Marioni G","year":"2022","unstructured":"Marioni G. Vestibular rehabilitation for unilateral peripheral vestibular deficits. JAMA Otolaryngol Neck Surg 2022; 148: 34.","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Neck Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000265113"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1992.01880010078020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1994.01880260079015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10537"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.22626"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.55657"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599811407572"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2015.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_102_2","article-title":"Surgery of the lateral skull base: a 50-year endeavour","volume":"39","author":"Zanoletti E","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zanoletti E, Mazzoni A, Martini A, et al. Surgery of the lateral skull base: a 50-year endeavour. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital Organo Uff Della Soc Ital Otorinolaringol E Chir Cerv-Facc 2019; 39: S1\u2013S146.","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital Organo Uff Della Soc Ital Otorinolaringol E Chir Cerv-Facc"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e318177e20b"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_104_2","first-page":"4927","article-title":"Maspin nuclear localization is related to reduced density of tumour-associated micro-vessels in laryngeal carcinoma","volume":"26","author":"Marioni G","year":"2006","unstructured":"Marioni G, D\u2019Alessandro E, Giacomelli L, et al. Maspin nuclear localization is related to reduced density of tumour-associated micro-vessels in laryngeal carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2006; 26: 4927\u20134932.","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480410023047"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.25881"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2019.152648"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000001900"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31825d644a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001257"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-019-03792-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S371491"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac264"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/dtb.2021.000031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0110-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000000596"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/imj.galenos.2020.93753"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-017-0811-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59091560"}],"container-title":["Science Progress"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00368504251343778","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00368504251343778","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00368504251343778","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:16:04Z","timestamp":1777634164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00368504251343778"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":120,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00368504251343778"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00368504251343778","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8504","2047-7163"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8504","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-7163","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"article-number":"00368504251343778"}}