{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T20:41:09Z","timestamp":1780605669721,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Program of the New Clinical Techniques of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology","award":["PKUSSNCT-24A10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PKUSSNCT-24A10"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2402905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2402905"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC3605603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC3605603"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science Progress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>With increased use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for treating tumors, immune-related adverse events (IrAEs) have risen. Severe cases of anti-PD-1 therapy-induced IrAEs such as Stevens\u2013Johnson syndrome (SJS)-like and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)-like lesions are rare but fatal. We report two cases of patients with malignant tumors who developed oral and cutaneous severe IrAEs: one induced by a PD-1 inhibitor alone and the other by a combination of a PD-1 inhibitor and an antibody\u2013drug conjugates (ADCs). Both of them developed severe lesions resembling erythema multiforme (EM) and SJS, accompanied by lichenoid reactions. Treatment with short-term low-dose oral glucocorticoids with topical glucocorticoids resulted in satisfactory outcomes. These case reports highlight rare and severe IrAEs induced by PD-1 inhibitors and ADCs and demonstrate how optimal outcomes were achieved for patients with severe IrAEs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00368504251364109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T06:51:47Z","timestamp":1753858307000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Severe oral and cutaneous immune-related adverse events induced by PD-1 inhibitors and antibody\u2013drug conjugates: Case reports and management strategies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Furong","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology"},{"name":"National Center for Stomatology, Beijing, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4305-643X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peiru","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology"},{"name":"National Center for Stomatology, Beijing, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology"},{"name":"National Center for Stomatology, Beijing, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2014.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.74.5471"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz127"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1200690"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2018.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-16-0237"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2016.02.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21704"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2035807"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.03489"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-20-2488"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccao.2022.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv202"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12246"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-01-325266"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm955"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2014.11.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2015.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.2013.795944"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.60.0379"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1703481"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph13090245"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2019.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyac001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","article-title":"Practical guidance for the evaluation and management of drug hypersensitivity: specific drugs","volume":"8","author":"Broyles AD","year":"2020","unstructured":"Broyles AD, Banerji A, Barmettler S, et al. Practical guidance for the evaluation and management of drug hypersensitivity: specific drugs. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2020; 8: S16\u2013S116.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-139-8-200310210-00012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18176\/jiaci.0712"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2016.2833"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-27960-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-21-1283"}],"container-title":["Science Progress"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00368504251364109","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00368504251364109","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00368504251364109","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:17:12Z","timestamp":1777634232000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00368504251364109"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00368504251364109"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00368504251364109","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8504","2047-7163"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8504","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-7163","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"article-number":"00368504251364109"}}