{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T04:00:46Z","timestamp":1782964846199,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2022R1C1C2010740"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2022R1C1C2010740"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NRF-2020R1G1A1102304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020R1G1A1102304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science Progress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to assess osteoarthritic changes in the ankle joint in a surgical model of chronic ankle instability (CAI) in mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This experimental study was conducted this study using 14-week-old Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) male mice (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200919), divided into the sham control ([SH],\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095), anterior talofibular ligament resection ([ATFL]; mild sprain,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20097), and ATFL\u2009+\u2009calcaneofibular ligament resection ([ATFL\u2009+\u2009CFL]; severe ankle injury,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20097) groups. A combination of behavioral analysis, micro-computed tomography, immunohistochemical staining, and serological analysis through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to evaluate the outcomes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A decrease in hind-leg standing was observed in the injured mouse groups, indicating signs of discomfort. Significant deterioration in cartilage integrity and joint structure was quantitatively confirmed in the ATFL\u2009+\u2009CFL group. Increased cartilage erosion and subchondral bone damage were observed. Serological analysis revealed elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, and IL-1\u03b2) in the ATFL\u2009+\u2009CFL group, suggesting a heightened inflammatory response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrated that severe CAI, particularly that involving both the ATFL and CFL, directly contributes to the development of ankle osteoarthritis. This highlights the critical need for targeted interventions in preventing or mitigating this progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00368504251367279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T07:05:59Z","timestamp":1754982359000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Analysis for osteoarthritis of the ankle joint in a mouse model of chronic ankle instability"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Ju-Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal and Immune Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"So Young","family":"Eun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal and Immune Disease Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3728-2342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gyeong Hoon","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St Carollo Hospital, Suncheon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min Hyeok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St Carollo Hospital, Suncheon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6468-1456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","first-page":"311","article-title":"Epidemiology of collegiate injuries for 15 sports: summary and recommendations for injury prevention initiatives","volume":"42","author":"Hootman JM","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hootman JM, Dick R, Agel J. 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