{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:58:12Z","timestamp":1790747892463,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department","award":["BJ2025136"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BJ2025136"]}]},{"name":"The Hebei Natural Science Foundation","award":["E2024508008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E2024508008"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["52474097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52474097"]}]},{"name":"Funding for basic scientific research business of central universities","award":["3142022002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3142022002"]}]},{"name":"The National Key R&D Program of China","award":["2022YFC3005600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3005600"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science Progress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>During the advancement of an underground coal mining face, after the overlying strata break, they are supported jointly by the coal ahead and the collapsed coal gangue in the goaf. The intensity of the roof pressure, stress distribution, and stability are related to the size and degree of damage of the collapsed coal gangue blocks. This paper simulates the deformation, damage and failure of the broken coal gangue in the goaf under the compression of the overlying strata by using the creep test of broken coal gangue. Creep tests are carried out on the broken coal gangue blocks of different particle size groups to study the damage characteristics of the broken coal gangue blocks after the creep test, and then determine the particle size group of the broken coal gangue that is most conducive to the stability of the overlying strata. Combined with SEM microscopic images, digital image processing and box-counting method, the fractal dimension of the fractures is calculated and the damage variable is defined to reveal the control mechanism of different particle size groups on the development of micro and mesoscopic fractures and the stability of the goaf strata. The test results show that the fractal dimension and damage variable of the broken coal gangue with a particle size of 50-60 mm are optimal. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the directional blasting of the working face roof and the optimization of the particle size of the fallen gangue, which is helpful to shorten the activation time of the overlying strata and quickly tend to stability, and provide scientific support for the safety control of the working face roof.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/00368504261488883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T06:46:56Z","timestamp":1789454816000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Study on fractal characteristics of creep damage in broken coal gangue with different particle size groups based on SEM scanning and digital image technology"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Mingtao","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6162-8424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zihao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenhua","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minhui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changsen","family":"Bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengyang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"},{"name":"North China Institute of Science & Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ese3.611"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrmms.2025.106087"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Contributions to Rock Fracture Induced by High Ground Stress in Deep Mining: A Review","volume":"58","author":"An H","year":"2024","unstructured":"An H, Mu X. Contributions to Rock Fracture Induced by High Ground Stress in Deep Mining: A Review. Rock Mech Rock Eng 2024; 58(1): 1\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.IJRMMS.2024.105943","journal-title":"Rock Mech Rock Eng"},{"issue":"02","key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","first-page":"32","article-title":"Research on Movement Rule and Control Technology of Roof in Fully-mechanized Working Face of Thin Seam","volume":"28","author":"He XL","year":"2009","unstructured":"He XL, Jin HZ, Gao MT, et al. Research on Movement Rule and Control Technology of Roof in Fully-mechanized Working Face of Thin Seam. J Shandong Univ of Sci Technol Nat Sci 2009; 28(02): 32\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16452\/j.cnki.sdkjzk.2009.02.011","journal-title":"J Shandong Univ of Sci Technol Nat Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2023.107320"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2024.108745"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2024.108161"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tafmec.2022.103494"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.icheatmasstransfer.2024.108217"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfracmech.2024.110465"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","first-page":"833","article-title":"Multi-Scale Characterization of Pores and Fractures in Coals with Different Coal-Body Structures from the Jincheng Mine, Qinshui Basin, Northern China","volume":"14","author":"Yang HR","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang HR, Wang XM, Li R, et al. Multi-Scale Characterization of Pores and Fractures in Coals with Different Coal-Body Structures from the Jincheng Mine, Qinshui Basin, Northern China. Minerals-Basel 2024; 14(8), 833. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/MIN14080833","journal-title":"Minerals-Basel"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2024.107673"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.175944"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tafmec.2025.104845"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrmge.2025.03.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egyr.2021.02.065"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2020.117280"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrmms.2025.106064"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chaos.2024.115685"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2024.114247"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrmms.2024.105976"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126788"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2025.116844"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_6_25_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Correlation of Damage in Rocks Dynamically Loaded by Percussive Tools Using Piston Coefficient of Restitution (COR)","volume":"58","author":"Aising J","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aising J, Gerbaud L, Sellami H, et al. Correlation of Damage in Rocks Dynamically Loaded by Percussive Tools Using Piston Coefficient of Restitution (COR). Rock Mech Rock Eng 2024; 58(3): 1\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/S00603-024-04303-9","journal-title":"Rock Mech Rock Eng"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coal.2025.104709"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmst.2024.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enggeo.2018.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.powtec.2019.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40033-021-00308-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-352X(03)00015-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enggeo.2003.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_33_2","article-title":"FracDetect: A novel algorithm for 3D fracture detection in digital fractured rocks","volume":"607","author":"Lamei HR","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lamei HR, Saad I, Tharmakulasingam S, et al. FracDetect: A novel algorithm for 3D fracture detection in digital fractured rocks. J Hydrol 2022; 607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2022.127482","journal-title":"J Hydrol"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0144598717740956"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2024.114343"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tafmec.2025.104919"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aej.2022.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrmge.2025.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_39_2","article-title":"Strain-induced damage analysis of hyperelastic material through scanning electron microscopy: A statistical approach using digital image processing","volume":"12","author":"Moonim ML","year":"2023","unstructured":"Moonim ML, Firozut T, Somnath S. Strain-induced damage analysis of hyperelastic material through scanning electron microscopy: A statistical approach using digital image processing. Forces Mech 2023; 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.finmec.2023.100225","journal-title":"Forces Mech"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmst.2021.07.004"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_6_41_2","first-page":"100102","article-title":"Compaction and seepage characteristics of broken coal and rock masses in coal mining: A review in laboratory tests","volume":"3","author":"Zhang C","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang C, Chen YH, Ren ZP, et al. Compaction and seepage characteristics of broken coal and rock masses in coal mining: A review in laboratory tests. Rock MB 2024; 3(2): 100102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ROCKMB.2024.100102","journal-title":"Rock MB"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gsme.2024.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2024.102608"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2022.108794"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2022.112421"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2024.106593"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2025.110155"}],"container-title":["Science Progress"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00368504261488883","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/00368504261488883","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/00368504261488883","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:17:43Z","timestamp":1790745463000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/00368504261488883"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/00368504261488883"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00368504261488883","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8504","2047-7163"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8504","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-7163","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"article-number":"00368504261488883"}}