{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T23:52:03Z","timestamp":1791589923652,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007194","name":"Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024Y1365"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024Y1365"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007194","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science Progress"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) involves complex immune dysregulation, with the IL-18 BP\/IL-18 axis emerging as a critical yet underexplored regulator of pathological inflammation. While \u03b1-boswellic acid (\u03b1-BA) has shown therapeutic promise in AD, its role in regulating the IL-18 BP\/IL-18 axis under the inflammatory microenvironment is unclear. This study aimed to elucidate whether \u03b1-BA could restore IL-18 BP\/IL-18 homeostasis and thus suppress inflammation while preserving immune defense.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using summary-level genome-wide association data was conducted to evaluate the potential causal contribution of circulating IL-18 levels to AD susceptibility. DNFB-induced AD mouse model and TNF-\u03b1\/IFN-\u03b3-stimulated HaCaT cells were used to evaluate \u03b1-BA\u2019s effects on barrier function, cytokine profiles, and IL-18 BP\/IL-18 axis modulation. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was employed to identify the critical mediator of \u03b1-BA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      MR analysis showed a statistically significant but modest association between genetically predicted circulating IL-18 levels and AD risk (OR=1.003,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05). \u03b1-BA restored epidermal barrier integrity in AD mice and normalized serum IgE and IL-13 levels. In HaCaT cells, \u03b1-BA treatment rebalanced the IL-18 BP\/IL-18 axis and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, \u03b1-BA inhibited MyD88\/NF-\u03baB signaling, whereas blocking the IL-18 BP\/IL-18 axis abolished this effect. RNA-seq identified metalloendopeptidase (MME) as a candidate molecule associated with \u03b1-BA treatment, and pharmacological inhibition of MME attenuated the effects of \u03b1-BA on the IL-18 BP\/IL-18 axis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u03b1-BA may alleviate AD by modulating the IL-18 BP\/IL-18 axis and downstream MyD88\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathways. MME may contribute to \u03b1-BA-mediated regulation of the IL-18 BP\/IL-18 axis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/00368504261495214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T22:30:56Z","timestamp":1791412256000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u03b1-Boswellic acid alleviates atopic dermatitis via MME-mediated restoration of IL-18 BP\/IL-18 axis homeostasis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Jianli","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wenzhou Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luhao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Medical College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongrong","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wenzhou University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhichao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hangzhou Normal University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinling","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wenzhou Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3752-8454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lusheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wenzhou Medical University"},{"name":"Wenzhou University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5826\/dpc.1104a146"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","first-page":"107","article-title":"Epidemiology and healthcare resource utilization in atopic dermatitis in Colombia: A retrospective analysis of data from the National Health Registry from 2015 to 2020","volume":"43","author":"Londo\u00f1o AM","year":"2023","unstructured":"Londo\u00f1o AM, Castro-Ayarza JR, Kronfly A, et al. 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