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Three therapeutic agents with proven immune-modulatory properties in regular use in a wide range of inflammatory disorders (high dose intravenous immunoglobulin, Rituximab and thalidomide) are proposed for the treatment of cytokine storm. Safety and efficacy of the proposed treatment should be assessed by randomised controlled clinical trials. The use of the proposed treatment is expected to reduce the mortality rate and alter the overall management of the pandemic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0036933020941497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T06:47:32Z","timestamp":1594190852000},"page":"72-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Alternative management of Covid-19 infection"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4487-4848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hasan I","family":"Atrah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Retired Consultant Haematologist (No Hospital Affiliation at Present)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0036933020941497","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-05991-x"},{"key":"bibr2-0036933020941497","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30628-0"},{"key":"bibr3-0036933020941497","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.41.12.1249"},{"key":"bibr4-0036933020941497","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofaa102"},{"key":"bibr5-0036933020941497","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1997.15.10.3266"},{"key":"bibr6-0036933020941497","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa032534"},{"key":"bibr7-0036933020941497","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/78.11.1340"},{"key":"bibr8-0036933020941497","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2010.01.011"},{"key":"bibr9-0036933020941497","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrc.21096"},{"key":"bibr10-0036933020941497","first-page":"9","volume":"36","author":"Berenson JR","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Hematol"},{"key":"bibr11-0036933020941497","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47276\/lr.78.3.197"},{"key":"bibr12-0036933020941497","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03401576"},{"key":"bibr13-0036933020941497","first-page":"291","volume":"17","author":"Forsyth CJ","year":"1996","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"bibr14-0036933020941497","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096120339600500402"},{"key":"bibr15-0036933020941497","first-page":"177","volume":"46","author":"Zwingenberger K","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Inflamm"},{"key":"bibr16-0036933020941497","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199512060-00002"}],"container-title":["Scottish Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0036933020941497","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0036933020941497","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0036933020941497","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T10:19:28Z","timestamp":1777630768000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0036933020941497"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0036933020941497"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0036933020941497","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-9330","2045-6441"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-9330","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-6441","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]]}}}