{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T13:41:29Z","timestamp":1777902089917,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,1]],"date-time":"2004-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1099267200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SIMULATION"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Software architecture is high-level software design dealing with the structure and organization of large software systems. Architecture description languages (ADLs) are languages designed to represent software designs at the architecture level. ADLs are not widely used in the development of simulation systems. This research investigates the utility and effectiveness of ADLs for architecture-level design and analysis of simulation systems. Experimental applications of two ADLs to the specification and analysis of simulation architectures were conducted. Rapide was used to model the EnviroFed federation architecture and analyze data volume with and without interest management. Acme was used to model the ModSAF federate architecture and to analyze execution time at the component and federate levels in ModSAF. The experiments showed that ADLs could be used to discover important features of simulation system architectures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549704050185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,11]],"date-time":"2005-04-11T13:04:06Z","timestamp":1113224646000},"page":"559-576","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Usefulness of Software Architecture Description Languages for Modeling and                 Analysis of Federates and Federation Architectures"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Frederic D.","family":"McKenzie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion                         University, Norfolk, VA 23529,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikel D.","family":"Petty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Modeling Analysis and Simulation Center, Old Dominion                         University, Norfolk, VA 23529"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingwen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Modeling Analysis and Simulation Center, Old Dominion                         University, Norfolk, VA 23529"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Software architecture: Perspectives on an emerging discipline","author":"Shaw, M.","year":"1996"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-0367-7_1"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-0367-7_2"},{"key":"atypb4","volume-title":"Design patterns: Elements of reusable object-oriented software","author":"Gamma, E.","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/9789812798039_0001"},{"key":"atypb6","volume-title":"The Unified Modeling Language reference manual","author":"Rumbaugh, J.","year":"1999"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"An introduction to formal specification and Z","author":"Potter, B.","year":"1991"},{"key":"atypb8","volume-title":"A survey of architecture description languages","author":"Fuxman, A. D.","year":"1999"},{"key":"atypb9","volume-title":"Software architecture for product families: Principles and practice","author":"Jazayeri, M.","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb10","first-page":"137","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Fifth European Software Engineering Conference ESEC \u201995","author":"Magee, J."},{"key":"atypb11","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Proceedings of SIGSOFT \u201994: Foundations of Software Engineering","author":"Garlan, D."},{"key":"atypb12","unstructured":"Allen, R. 1997. A formal approach to software architecture. Ph.D. diss.,                 Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA."},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/32.385971"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/32.464548"},{"key":"atypb15","volume-title":"The Acme architectural description language","author":"Carnegie Mellon University","year":"1998"},{"key":"atypb16","first-page":"169","volume-title":"Proceedings of CASCON \u201997","author":"Garlan, D."},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/32.385970"},{"key":"atypb18","first-page":"492","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 9th Interservice\/Industry Training Systems Conference","author":"Thorpe, J. A."},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"The SIMNET network and protocols","author":"Pope, A. R.","year":"1989"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.204229"},{"key":"atypb21","volume-title":"IEEE standard for distributed interactive simulation\u2014application protocols","author":"Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb22","volume-title":"IEEE standard for distributed interactive simulation\u2014application protocols","author":"Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers","year":"1998"},{"key":"atypb23","volume-title":"IEEE standard for distributed interactive simulation\u2014communication services and profiles","author":"Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb24","volume-title":"IEEE standard for distributed interactive simulation\u2014exercise management and feedback","author":"Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers","year":"1996"},{"key":"atypb25","volume-title":"IEEE standard for distributed interactive simulation\u2014verification, validation and accreditation","author":"Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers","year":"1997"},{"key":"atypb26","volume-title":"Creating computer simulation systems","author":"Kuhl, F.","year":"1999"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003754979807100603"},{"key":"atypb28","volume-title":"IEEE standard for modeling and simulation (M&S) High Level Architecture (HLA)\u2014framework and rules","author":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb29","volume-title":"IEEE standard for modeling and simulation (M&S) High Level Architecture (HLA)\u2014object model template (OMT) specification","author":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb30","volume-title":"IEEE standard for modeling and simulation (M&S) High Level Architecture (HLA)\u2014federate interface specification","author":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb31","volume-title":"Discrete-event system simulation","author":"Banks, J.","year":"1996","edition":"2"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470172445"},{"key":"atypb33","first-page":"181","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Spring 2003 Simulation Interoperability Workshop","author":"Petty, M. D."},{"key":"atypb34","first-page":"329","volume-title":"DIMACS Workshop on Partial Order Methods in Verification","author":"Luckham, D. C."},{"key":"atypb35","volume-title":"Guide to the Rapide 1.0 language reference manual (draft)","author":"Rapide Design Team","year":"1997"},{"key":"atypb36","first-page":"138","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 21st ACM Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages","author":"Katiyar, D."},{"key":"atypb37","volume-title":"Rapide ADS HLA simulation: A simple illustrative demonstration","author":"Guimbretiere, F. V.","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb38","volume-title":"Applying event-based modelling to the ADS High Level Architecture development process","author":"Luckham, D. C.","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb39","volume-title":"EnviroFed phase III demonstration CD","author":"Integrated Natural Environment (INE)","year":"2001"},{"key":"atypb40","volume-title":"Modelling a system with Acme","author":"Kompanek, A.","year":"1998"},{"key":"atypb41","volume-title":"AcmeStudio user\u2019s manual","author":"Kompanek, A.","year":"1998"},{"key":"atypb42","volume-title":"Capturing software architecture design expertise with Armani","author":"Monroe, R. T.","year":"1998"},{"key":"atypb43","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1998 Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering","author":"Spitznagel, B."},{"key":"atypb44","volume-title":"Software architecture description languages for simulation applications: Tutorial, survey, and experiment report","author":"Petty, M. D.","year":"2002"}],"container-title":["SIMULATION"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0037549704050185","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0037549704050185","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:18:51Z","timestamp":1777634331000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0037549704050185"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0037549704050185"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0037549704050185","relation":{},"ISSN":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0037-5497","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-3133","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]}}}