{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T13:41:33Z","timestamp":1777902093589,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]],"date-time":"2004-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1101859200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SIMULATION"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article addresses a new approach to the longstanding problem of interoperating military command and control with combat simulations. There is great potential benefit in such a capability, both for more effective training and as a \u201cwhat if\u201d capability during military operations. The authors describe the Battle Management Language (BML), an unambiguous means of describing military operations to people, simulations, and robotic forces. The process that developed the BML and its extension into the realm of Web services are described. The new capability is projected to be an enabler for the ongoing transformation activities in the U.S. Department of Defense. Integrated with the Command and Control Information Exchange Data Model (C2IEDM), BML, as extended through Web services, provides a path to improved interoperability within and among U.S. military services and their allied\/coalition partners.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549704051194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,11]],"date-time":"2005-04-11T13:02:25Z","timestamp":1113224545000},"page":"669-680","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Extensible Battle Management Language as a Transformation Enabler"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"William P.","family":"Sudnikovich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Atlantic Consulting Services, Inc., 167 Avenue at the Common, Shrewsbury,                         NJ 07702,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Mark","family":"Pullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"George Mason University, Computer Science\/C3I MS4A5, Fairfax, VA 22030"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin S.","family":"Kleiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northrop Grumman Information Technology, 12000 Research Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Carey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northrop Grumman Information Technology, 12000 Research Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Battle Management Language proof of principle prototype demonstration","author":"Northrop Grumman Information Technology","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"BML Symposium","author":"Ogren, J."},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"MITRE Informal Report, Twelfth Workshop on Standards for the Interoperability of Defense Simulations","author":"Salisbury, M."},{"key":"atypb4","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1998 Winter Simulation Conference","author":"Kleiner, M. S."},{"key":"atypb5","volume-title":"Fall Simulation Interoperability Workshop","author":"Carey, S."},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA352265"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"Joint common database overview","author":"Carnevale, R.","year":"2001"},{"key":"atypb8","volume-title":"Field manual 3-0: Operations","author":"Headquarters Department of the Army","year":"2001"},{"key":"atypb9","volume-title":"Field manual 7-15: The army universal task list","author":"Headquarters Department of the Army","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb10","volume-title":"CJCSM 3500.04C: Universal joint task list","author":"Joint Staff","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb11","volume-title":"2004 Spring Simulation Interoperability Workshop","author":"Sudnikovich, W."},{"key":"atypb12","unstructured":"Agile Commander Advanced Technology Demonstration. 2001. Accessed from http:\/\/www.c2d.c3sys.army.mil:443\/agile.htm"},{"key":"atypb13","volume-title":"Extensible Modeling and Simulation Framework (XMSF): Challenges for Web-based modeling and simulation","author":"Brutzman, D.","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb14","volume-title":"Spring Simulation Interoperability Workshop","author":"Hieb, M. R."},{"key":"atypb15","volume-title":"Multilateral Interoperability Programme (MIP): The C2 Information Exchange Data Model (C2IEDM)","year":"2003"}],"container-title":["SIMULATION"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0037549704051194","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0037549704051194","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:18:56Z","timestamp":1777634336000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0037549704051194"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0037549704051194"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0037549704051194","relation":{},"ISSN":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0037-5497","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-3133","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]}}}