{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T13:41:27Z","timestamp":1777902087568,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1104537600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SIMULATION"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The High Level Architecture (HLA) is the IEEE 1516 standard to model and design a distributive simulation environment. It establishes a common distributed simulation framework, which facilitates the interoperability and reuse of simulation components. However, some HLA services are very low level and difficult to use, especially when a simulation is designed with a particular time synchronization mechanism. This article describes an agent interface, called Smart Time Management (STM). The capabilities of the STM include the following: taking over the event\u2019s time-stamp tagging work, maintaining a lookahead value, and unifying different time advance approaches provided by the HLA runtime infrastructure. In addition, it adopts the time warp mechanism for optimistic simulation. In conclusion, the STM presents a unified and scalable middle layer to allow the user to construct an HLA federation with a unanimous Time Management interface when solving the synchronization issue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549705051973","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,11]],"date-time":"2005-04-11T13:02:46Z","timestamp":1113224566000},"page":"45-56","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["An Approach for the Unified Time Management Mechanism for HLA"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Jiung-yao","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Engineering, National Chung Cheng University,                         Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi, Taiwan,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Chih","family":"Tung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Ching Yun                         University, Taoyuan, Taiwan,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Hui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Tamkang                         University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Che","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groundhog Technologies Inc., Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Parallel and distributed computing handbook","author":"Ferscha, A.","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/84537.84545"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.1979.230182"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.1984.1676408"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3916.3988"},{"key":"atypb6","first-page":"63","volume-title":"Distributed Simulation","author":"Jefferson, D.","year":"1985"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"IEEE Std 1516-2000: IEEE standard for modeling and simulation (M&S) high level architecture (HLA)\u2014Framework and rules","author":"IEEE","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb8","volume-title":"IEEE Std 1516.1-2000: IEEE standard for modeling and simulation (M&S) High Level Architecture (HLA)\u2014Federate interface specification","author":"IEEE","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003754979807100604"},{"key":"atypb10","volume-title":"HLA Time Management: Design document 1.0","author":"Fujimoto, R. M.","year":"1996"},{"key":"atypb11","volume-title":"Parallel and distributed simulation systems","author":"Fujimoto, R. M.","year":"1999"},{"key":"atypb12","volume-title":"2003 European Simulation Interoperability Workshop","author":"Huang, J. Y."},{"key":"atypb13","volume-title":"2001 Fall Simulation Interoperability Workshop","author":"Hodum, F."},{"key":"atypb14","volume-title":"RTI 1.3\u2014Next generation programmer\u2019s guide version 5, High Level Architecture, runtime infrastructure","author":"Defense Modeling and Simulation Office, Department of Defense","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb15","volume-title":"Simulation model design and execution","author":"Fishwick, P. A.","year":"1995"},{"issue":"3","key":"atypb16","first-page":"251","volume":"2","author":"Steinman, J. S.","year":"1992","journal-title":"International Journal for Computer Simulation"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/158459.158473"},{"key":"atypb18","volume-title":"Theory of modeling and simulation","author":"Zeigler, B. P.","year":"2000","edition":"2"},{"issue":"2","key":"atypb19","first-page":"110","volume":"18","author":"Vard\u00e2nega, F.","year":"2001","journal-title":"SIMULATION"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DISRTA.2000.874066"}],"container-title":["SIMULATION"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0037549705051973","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0037549705051973","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:19:00Z","timestamp":1777634340000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0037549705051973"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0037549705051973"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0037549705051973","relation":{},"ISSN":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0037-5497","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-3133","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]}}}