{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:11:42Z","timestamp":1761894702365,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SIMULATION"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> We present a simulation model for long-term optimal design of channel depths in which the risk of ship grounding due to wave impacts can be assessed for every ship transit. This new model includes four main components: (1) an eXponential probability law for the number of ship departures; (2) a parametric model of the wave-induced ship motions; (3) modeling effects of tidal variations on the channel performance; and (4) a Poisson probability law for the grounding model in a single random ship departure. A key procedure of the simulation process is to define a minimum underkeel clearance allowance for ship entrance and simultaneously determine downtimes that correspond to an acceptable grounding risk for a specified ship and a generated environment condition. The final results derived from the simulation model can be considered as the key parameters in analysis and selection of an optimal depth. The model has been applied to the entrance channel of Cam Pha Coal Port, Vietnam, as a case study. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549708088958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,21]],"date-time":"2008-04-21T15:24:02Z","timestamp":1208791442000},"page":"41-55","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Risk- and Simulation-Based Optimization of Channel Depths: Entrance Channel of Cam Pha Coal Port"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"N.M.","family":"Quy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Section of Hydraulic Engineering Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN, Delft, the Netherlands,"}]},{"given":"J.K.","family":"Vrijling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Section of Hydraulic Engineering Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN, Delft, the Netherlands"}]},{"given":"P.H.A.J.M.","family":"van Gelder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Section of Hydraulic Engineering Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN, Delft, the Netherlands"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Approach Channels: A Guide for Design, Supplement to Bulletin no. 95","year":"1997","author":"Permanent International Association Navigation Congress (PIANC).","key":"atypb1"},{"volume-title":"Probabilistic Admittance Policy Deep Draught Vessels","year":"1995","author":"Savenije, R.P.A.C.","key":"atypb2"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003754979807100206"},{"volume-title":"Deep-Draft Coastal Navigation Entrance Channel Practice","year":"1999","author":"Zeki, D.","key":"atypb4"},{"volume-title":"Hydraulic Design Guidance for Deep-Draft Navigation Projects","year":"1996","author":"US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE).","key":"atypb5"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3839(02)00159-X"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the PIANC 30th International Navigation Congress","author":"Vantorre, M.","key":"atypb7"},{"issue":"3","key":"atypb8","first-page":"2000","volume":"8","author":"Andrew, L.S.","year":"1998","journal-title":"International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering"},{"volume-title":"Feasibility Study Project of Expansion of Cam Pha Coal Port","year":"2001","author":"Quy, N.M.","key":"atypb9"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003754979807100204"},{"volume-title":"Introduction in Ship Hydro-Mechanics","year":"2002","author":"Journee, J.M.J.","key":"atypb11"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0951-8339(94)90003-5"},{"volume-title":"Safety Criteria for Approach Channels","year":"1998","author":"Savenije, R.P.A.C.","key":"atypb13"},{"volume-title":"Audit HARAP","year":"2004","author":"Vrijling, J.K.","key":"atypb14"},{"volume-title":"Hydraulic Design Guidance for Deep-Draft Navigation Projects","year":"2006","author":"US Army Corps of Engineers.","key":"atypb15"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of 11th World Conference on Transportation Research","author":"Quy, N.M.","key":"atypb16"},{"volume-title":"User manual of SEAWAY","year":"2001","author":"Journee, J.M.J.","key":"atypb17"},{"volume-title":"Probabilistic Theory of Structure Dynamics","year":"1967","author":"Lin, Y.K.","key":"atypb18"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Marine Sciences and Technologies. 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