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The complex interplay among forest cells and agents calls for formal treatment of the fire spread and fire suppression models to verify the correctness of DEVS-FIRE. This paper gives formal design specifications of fire spread and suppression agent models used in DEVS-FIRE and applies DEVS-FIRE to both artificially generated and real topography, fuels and weather data for a study area located in the US state of Texas. The paper also develops a new method, called pre_Schedule, for scheduling ignition events of forest cells more efficiently than the original onTime_Schedule event scheduling method used in DEVS-FIRE. Simulation results show the performance improvement of the new method, and demonstrate the utility of DEVS-FIRE as a viable discrete event model for wildfire simulations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549711414592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,24]],"date-time":"2011-10-24T20:25:19Z","timestamp":1319487919000},"page":"259-279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["DEVS-FIRE: design and application of formal discrete event wildfire spread and suppression models"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Xiaolin","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics, Sigma-Aldrich Corporation, St Louis, MO, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lewis","family":"Ntaimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0037549711414592","unstructured":"Robinson RA. 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