{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T03:55:33Z","timestamp":1761710133421,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,19]],"date-time":"2011-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1324252800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIMULATION"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Rapid advances in wireless communication hold much promise for improving transportation management to enhance traffic safety and mobility. To support online traffic management, wireless traffic surveillance networks have the potential to collect and relay real-time traffic information from a wide-area transportation network. However, limited research effort has been done to provide an evaluation method to assess the wireless communication performance and reliability for use in a traffic monitoring network. This paper proposed a multi-step analysis method to transportation professionals, and analyzed the performance of a wireless traffic surveillance network for online traffic surveillance using the Network Simulator Version 2 (ns-2) communication network simulator, following the proposed steps. Potential environmental disturbances, such as adverse weather, foliage, and interference, can induce transmission errors in the communication network. Following the proposed method, this study analyzed the impacts of various error rates on the selected measure of effectiveness (MOE) \u2013 data throughput and delivery ratio. The study considered wireless sensors connected to roadside controllers through multi-hop relays. A relay is used to pass data from one equipment to another when the distance between traffic sensors and controllers exceeds the wireless transmission range. Simulation results quantified the end-to-end throughput and delivery ratio dependency on the number of fixed range wireless relays and their relationship with different error rates and wireless relay ranges. The findings formed an essential foundation for systematic evaluation of the performance of a wireless traffic sensor network, utilizing a simulation analysis process, for online traffic management systems. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549711430845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,20]],"date-time":"2011-12-20T05:07:51Z","timestamp":1324357671000},"page":"948-956","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of a multi-step analysis method for evaluating wireless traffic surveillance network performance under adverse conditions and relay network topology using a communication network simulator"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Transportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA"}]},{"given":"Mashrur","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA"}]},{"given":"Kuang-Ching","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA"}]},{"given":"Yongchang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IEM, Inc., Morrisville, NC, USA"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0037549711430845","unstructured":"Lewis FL. \u2018Wireless Traffic Surveillance Networks. Smart Environments: Technologies, Protocol and Applications\u2019, New York, http:\/\/www.arri.uta.edu\/acs\/networks\/WirelessSensorNetChap04.pdf (2004, accessed 20 July 2008)."},{"volume-title":"Center for Technology Development, Virginia Tech Transportation Institute","author":"Ammana A","key":"bibr2-0037549711430845"},{"volume-title":"US Department of Commerce","author":"Nation Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)","key":"bibr3-0037549711430845"},{"key":"bibr4-0037549711430845","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2004.12.001"},{"key":"bibr5-0037549711430845","first-page":"393","volume":"38","author":"Akyildiz IF","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Comput"},{"volume-title":"Sensors for unplanned roadway events\u2013simulation and evaluation: draft final report","year":"2004","author":"Heidemann J","key":"bibr6-0037549711430845"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 12th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems","author":"Wang KC","key":"bibr7-0037549711430845"},{"key":"bibr8-0037549711430845","unstructured":"Cheung SY, Varaiya P. \u2018Traffic Surveillance by Wireless traffic surveillance networks: Final Report. California PATH Research Report\u2019, http:\/\/www.path.berkeley.edu\/PATH\/Publications\/PDF\/PRR\/2007\/PRR-2007-04.pdf (2007, accessed 20 July 2008)."},{"volume-title":"Integrated simulation platform for evaluating wireless traffic sensor network for traffic safety and security response - final report","year":"2007","author":"Chowdhury MA","key":"bibr9-0037549711430845"},{"volume-title":"87th TRB Annual Meeting, Transportation Research Board","author":"Kim H","key":"bibr10-0037549711430845"},{"key":"bibr11-0037549711430845","unstructured":"U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation. The Nation\u2019s Wireline and Wireless Communications\u2019 Infrastructure in Light of September 11th. Books LLC, Reference Series, October 11, 2011."},{"first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems","author":"Zhao J","key":"bibr12-0037549711430845"},{"key":"bibr13-0037549711430845","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1030194.1015482"},{"key":"bibr14-0037549711430845","unstructured":"Otero J, Yalamanchili P, Braun HW. \u2018High Performance Wireless Networking and Weather\u2019 High Performance Wireless Research and Education Network (HPWREN), http:\/\/hpwren.ucsd.edu\/info\/images\/weather.pdf"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 15th ACM International Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video (NOSSDAV)","author":"Li MZ","key":"bibr15-0037549711430845"},{"key":"bibr16-0037549711430845","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MVT.2006.343641"},{"key":"bibr17-0037549711430845","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1023875.1023879"},{"key":"bibr18-0037549711430845","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1109\/ITSC.2006.1706767","volume-title":"Proceedings of 2006 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference","volume":"1","author":"Bai F","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr19-0037549711430845","unstructured":"Chowdhury M, Wang KC, Zhou Y, Fries R, Ogle J. \u2018Evaluation of Communication Alternatives for Intelligent Transportation Systems\u2019, Final Project Report, Grant No. SPR676, South Carolina Department of Transportation, http:\/\/www.clemson.edu\/t3s\/scdot\/pdf\/projects\/Final%20Report%20676.pdf (2010). (Accessed on November 19, 2011)"},{"key":"bibr20-0037549711430845","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15472450903084212"},{"volume-title":"Communications handbook for traffic control systems","year":"1993","author":"Gordon R","key":"bibr21-0037549711430845"},{"key":"bibr22-0037549711430845","volume-title":"Computer networks: a system approach","author":"Peterson LL","year":"2003","edition":"3"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of 2009 Technical Conference and Exhibit, Institute of Transportation Engineers","author":"Zhou Y","key":"bibr23-0037549711430845"},{"key":"bibr24-0037549711430845","unstructured":"Ma Y. A real-time traffic condition assessment and prediction framework using vehicle-infrastructure integration (VII) with computational intelligence. PhD dissertation submitted to Clemson University, May 2008."},{"key":"bibr25-0037549711430845","unstructured":"Information Sciences Institute. \u2018The Network Simulator - ns-2\u2019, The University of Southern California, http:\/\/www.isi.edu\/nsnam\/ns (July 2006, accessed on 20 July 2008)."}],"container-title":["SIMULATION"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0037549711430845","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0037549711430845","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T23:51:07Z","timestamp":1741045867000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0037549711430845"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,19]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0037549711430845"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0037549711430845","relation":{},"ISSN":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0037-5497"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1741-3133"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,19]]}}}