{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T13:44:03Z","timestamp":1777902243877,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,3]],"date-time":"2012-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343952000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIMULATION"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In this study, we develop a methodology to estimate the effectiveness of ramp metering in reducing CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    emissions. Ramp metering is one of several Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) applications to control traffic flow. In this paper in order to estimate the reduced emissions, we followed the procedure supported by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UN-FCCC). And ramp metering causes some drivers to change their routes and affects CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    emissions on the ramp and on the main lane. With these issues in mind, we performed Stated Preference analysis to determine the degree of driver preference for individual traffic situations.The Traffic Software Integrated System (TSIS) simulation program was used to verify the CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    measurement model. The TSIS simulation showed that the reduction in CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    emissions was 818.4 kg\/h and that the decrease in the effectiveness was 7.3%. It also revealed that ramp metering reduced the CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . emissions to 3,273.6kg emissions per day and 1,194.9 ton per year. In conclusion we found that ramp metering is effective in reducing CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    emissions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549712453166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,4]],"date-time":"2012-08-04T00:58:20Z","timestamp":1344041900000},"page":"1368-1378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["An evaluation of the ramp metering effectiveness in reducing carbon dioxide emissions"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Sang-Hoon","family":"Bae","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spatial Information Engineering, Pukyong National University, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tae-Young","family":"Heo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Statistics, Chungbuk National University, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byoung-Yong","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spatial Information Engineering, Pukyong National University, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0037549712453166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2007.04.032"},{"key":"bibr2-0037549712453166","unstructured":"United Nations. Kyoto protocol to the United Nations framework convention on climate change. 1998."},{"key":"bibr3-0037549712453166","unstructured":"United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC http:\/\/cdm.unfccc.int\/). CDM: project activities registered database, (2011, accessed 10 August 2011)."},{"key":"bibr4-0037549712453166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0386-1112(14)60179-5"},{"key":"bibr5-0037549712453166","first-page":"27","volume-title":"clean air 2005","author":"Gon\u00e7alves GA","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr6-0037549712453166","volume-title":"Stated choice methods: analysis and applications","author":"Jordan JL","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr7-0037549712453166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-090X(98)00004-7"},{"key":"bibr8-0037549712453166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1366-5545(02)00012-1"},{"key":"bibr9-0037549712453166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-6989(02)00015-2"},{"key":"bibr10-0037549712453166","unstructured":"National Institute of Environmental Research. Establishment of climate change responding system for transportation sector (II), development of bottom-up type GHGs emission factor for vehicles, 2009, p.64."}],"container-title":["SIMULATION"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0037549712453166","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0037549712453166","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0037549712453166","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:23:59Z","timestamp":1777634639000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0037549712453166"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,3]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0037549712453166"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0037549712453166","relation":{},"ISSN":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0037-5497","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-3133","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,3]]}}}