{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T13:44:57Z","timestamp":1777902297910,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]],"date-time":"2014-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401580800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIMULATION"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>System models are constructed to design, study, and understand complex systems. According to the systems modeling language (SysML) that is a standard for model-based system engineering, all engineering activities should be performed using a common model. To validate complex system models defined in SysML, simulation is usually employed. There are numerous efforts to simulate SysML models using different simulation methods and tools. However, the efficient support of automated generation of executable simulation code is still an issue tangled by the research community. This paper introduces DEVSys, an integrated framework for utilizing existing SysML models and automatically producing executable discrete event simulation code, according to model driven architecture (MDA) concepts. Although this approach is not simulation-specific, discrete event system specification (DEVS) was employed, due to the similarities between SysML and DEVS, mainly in system structure description, and the mature, yet ongoing research on expressing executable DEVS models in a simulator-neutral manner. DEVSys framework elements include (a) a SysML profile for DEVS, enabling integration of simulation capabilities into SysML models, (b) a meta-model for DEVS, allowing the utilization of MDA concepts and tools, (c) a transformation of SysML models to DEVS models, using a standard model transformation language as query\/view\/transform (QVT), and (d) the generation of DEVS executable code for a DEVS simulation environment with an extensible markup language (XML) interface. The definition and implementation of DEVSys elements, as well as the process for its application are demonstrated and discussed, with the aid of a simple working example.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549714533842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,2]],"date-time":"2014-06-02T19:43:20Z","timestamp":1401738200000},"page":"717-744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["An integrated framework for automated simulation of SysML models using DEVS"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"George-Dimitrios","family":"Kapos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics and Telematics, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vassilis","family":"Dalakas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics and Telematics, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mara","family":"Nikolaidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics and Telematics, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimosthenis","family":"Anagnostopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics and Telematics, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Haskins C. INCOSE systems engineering handbook: a guide for system life cycle processes and activities, version 3. INCOSE-TP-2003-002-03, 2006."},{"key":"bibr2-0037549714533842","volume-title":"Simulation modeling and analysis","author":"Law AM","year":"2006","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr3-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Object Management Group (OMG). Systems Modeling Language (SysML) specification, version 1.3. www.omg.org\/spec\/SysML\/1.3\/PDF (2012)."},{"key":"bibr4-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Object Management Group (OMG). OMG Unified Modeling Language (OMG UML), superstructure, version 2.4.1. www.omg.org\/spec\/UML\/2.4.1\/Superstructure\/PDF\/ (2011)."},{"key":"bibr5-0037549714533842","first-page":"59","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on simulation tools and techniques for communications, networks and systems, SimuTools 2009","author":"Sarjoughian HS"},{"key":"bibr6-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Lee EA, Hylands C, Janneck J, Overview of the Ptolemy project. EECS Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 2001. Report no. UCB\/ERL M01\/11. www.eecs.berkeley.edu\/Pubs\/TechRpts\/2001\/3947.html."},{"key":"bibr7-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Lee EA. Ptolemy project vision. Presented at the 8th Biennial Ptolemy Miniconference. http:\/\/chess.eecs.berkeley.edu\/pubs\/550.html (2009)."},{"key":"bibr8-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Mathworks. Matlab and Simulink. www.mathworks.com (2011)."},{"key":"bibr9-0037549714533842","volume-title":"Theory of modeling and simulation","author":"Zeigler BP","year":"2000","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr10-0037549714533842","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WSC.2009.5429169"},{"key":"bibr11-0037549714533842","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WSC.2009.5429164"},{"key":"bibr12-0037549714533842","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WSC.2007.4419675"},{"key":"bibr13-0037549714533842","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2334-5837.2007.tb02964.x"},{"key":"bibr14-0037549714533842","volume-title":"The composable object (COB) knowledge representation: enabling advanced collaborative engineering environments (CEEs), COB requirements and objectives (v1.0)","author":"Peak R","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr15-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Tamburini DR. Defining executable design and simulation models using SysML. www.pslm.gatech.edu\/topics\/sysml\/ (2006)."},{"key":"bibr16-0037549714533842","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WSC.2008.4736341"},{"key":"bibr17-0037549714533842","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SYSTEMS.2008.4518997"},{"key":"bibr18-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Schamai W. Modelica modeling language (ModelicaML): a UML profile for Modelica. http:\/\/urn.kb.se\/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-20553 (2009)."},{"key":"bibr19-0037549714533842","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/jos.2011.17"},{"key":"bibr20-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Object Management Group (OMG). SysML\u2013Modelica transformation (SyM). www.omg.org\/spec\/SyM\/1.0\/PDF\/ (2012)."},{"key":"bibr21-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Object Management Group (OMG). Model driven architecture. Version 1.0.1. www.omg.org\/cgi-bin\/doc?omg\/03-06-01.pdf (2003)."},{"key":"bibr22-0037549714533842","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSEA.2008.24"},{"key":"bibr23-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Zeigler BP, Sarjoughian HS. Introduction to DEVS modeling and simulation with Java. DEVSJava Manual. www.acims.arizona.edu\/PUBLICATIONS\/publications.shtml (2003)."},{"key":"bibr24-0037549714533842","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-3554-3_10"},{"key":"bibr25-0037549714533842","first-page":"49","volume":"27","author":"Zhang M","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int Test Eval Assoc J"},{"key":"bibr26-0037549714533842","first-page":"1","volume-title":"SpringSim \u201909: proceedings of the 2009 Spring Simulation Multiconference","author":"Meseth N","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr27-0037549714533842","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549709340968"},{"key":"bibr28-0037549714533842","first-page":"279","volume-title":"SpringSim \u201907: proceedings of the 2007 spring simulation multiconference","author":"Risco-Mart\u00edn JL","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr29-0037549714533842","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549709104727"},{"key":"bibr30-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Object Management Group (OMG). MOF 2 XMI mapping specification, Version 2.4.1. www.omg.org\/spec\/XMI\/2.4.1\/PDF\/ (2013)."},{"key":"bibr31-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Object Management Group (OMG). Meta object facility (MOF) core specification, Version 2.4.1. www.omg.org\/spec\/MOF\/2.4.1\/PDF\/ (2013)."},{"key":"bibr32-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Object Management Group (OMG). Meta object facility (MOF) 2.0 query\/view\/ transformation specification, Version 1.1. www.omg.org\/spec\/QVT\/1.1\/PDF\/ (2011)."},{"key":"bibr33-0037549714533842","volume-title":"SysML plugin for MagicDraw","author":"No Magic Inc","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr34-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Batarseh O, McGinnis LF. System modeling in SysML and system analysis in Arena. In: Proceedings of the 2012 winter simulation conference (WSC\u201912), pp. 258:1\u2013258:12. http:\/\/dl.acm.org\/citation.cfm?id=2429759.2430107."},{"key":"bibr35-0037549714533842","first-page":"1","volume-title":"SpringSim\u201909: Proceedings of the 2009 spring simulation multiconference","author":"Hosking M","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr36-0037549714533842","first-page":"287","volume-title":"DEVS symposium, spring simulation multiconference","author":"Mittal S","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr37-0037549714533842","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2009.2021352"},{"key":"bibr38-0037549714533842","unstructured":"Object Management Group (OMG). OMG object constraint language (OCL), Version 2.3.1. www.omg.org\/spec\/OCL\/2.3.1\/PDF\/ (2012)."},{"key":"bibr39-0037549714533842","unstructured":"World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). Extensible stylesheet language transformations (XSLT). www.w3.org\/TR\/xslt20 (2007)."},{"key":"bibr40-0037549714533842","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SysCon.2014.6819307"}],"container-title":["SIMULATION"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0037549714533842","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0037549714533842","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0037549714533842","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:25:29Z","timestamp":1777634729000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0037549714533842"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0037549714533842"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0037549714533842","relation":{},"ISSN":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0037-5497","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-3133","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]}}}