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In this research, we present a discrete event simulation model in which individual students and teachers flow through the Afghanistan education system across a variable time horizon. We explain the simulation and its premises through some verification and validation processes that allow the user to glean insight into the implications of security, policy, and infrastructure in this complex and capricious environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549714536256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,10]],"date-time":"2014-06-10T03:20:49Z","timestamp":1402370449000},"page":"800-814","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A simulation model with verification and validation for time-phased education planning in Afghanistan"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Marlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Army TRADOC Analysis Center, TRAC-WSMR, White Sands MR, NM 88002, USA"},{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Han-Suk","family":"Sohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0037549714536256","unstructured":"United Nations. 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Global terrorism database, http:\/\/www.start.umd.edu\/gtd (2012, accessed 30 March 2013)."},{"key":"bibr14-0037549714536256","unstructured":"United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 2012. World population prospects: The 2010 revision, http:\/\/esa.un.org\/wpp\/ (accessed 30 March 2013)."},{"key":"bibr15-0037549714536256","unstructured":"Mehta AC. Projections of population, enrolment and teachers, http:\/\/www.educationforallinindia.com\/New%20Modules\/module%20on%20enrolment%20and%20population%20projections.pdf (2004, accessed 30 March 2013)."},{"key":"bibr16-0037549714536256","unstructured":"Education Policy and Data Center. http:\/\/www.epdc.org (2012, accessed 30 March 2013)."},{"key":"bibr17-0037549714536256","volume-title":"Simulation Modeling and Analysis","author":"Law AM","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr18-0037549714536256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.36.4.343"},{"key":"bibr19-0037549714536256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4371(99)00174-0"},{"key":"bibr20-0037549714536256","unstructured":"Wragg T. Modeling the effects of information campaigns using agent-based simulation, http:\/\/www.dsto.defence.gov.au\/corporate\/reports\/DSTO-TR-1853.pdf (2006, accessed 30 March 2013)."},{"key":"bibr21-0037549714536256","volume-title":"Behavioral Modeling and Simulation: From Individuals to Societies","author":"Zacharias G","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr22-0037549714536256","first-page":"647","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE winter simulation conference","author":"Kleijen J"},{"key":"bibr23-0037549714536256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(94)00016-6"},{"key":"bibr24-0037549714536256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0022250X.1998.9990210"},{"key":"bibr25-0037549714536256","volume-title":"Efficient nearly orthogonal and space-filling experimental designs for high-dimensional complex models","author":"Cioppa TM","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr26-0037549714536256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.31.6.1167"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr27-0037549714536256","first-page":"9","volume":"13","author":"Kissane C","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Int Women Studies"},{"key":"bibr28-0037549714536256","unstructured":"Population Reference Bureau. http:\/\/www.prb.org\/DataFinder\/Topic\/Rankings.aspx?ind=242 (2011, accessed 30 March 2013)."},{"key":"bibr29-0037549714536256","unstructured":"United Nations Girls\u2019 Education Initiative. 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NOLH designs spreadsheet, http:\/\/harvest.nps.edu (2011, accessed 12 January 2013)."},{"key":"bibr34-0037549714536256","unstructured":"Smith A, Vaux T. Education, conflict and international development, http:\/\/www.gsdrc.org\/docs\/open\/sd29.pdf (2003, accessed 30 March 2013)."},{"key":"bibr35-0037549714536256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03057920500331397"},{"key":"bibr36-0037549714536256","unstructured":"Integrated Regional Information Networks. Afghanistan: Boys\u2019 education slides in Helmand. 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