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We aim to facilitate the process of fusing together the independently created simulators into an integrated simulation environment wherein we can model and execute complex scenarios involving multiple simulators. In this paper, we focus on solutions for the synchronization problem in multisimulation to orchestrate consistent information flow through multiple simulators. In particular, we provide: (1) a transaction-based approach to modeling the synchronization problem in multisimulations by mapping it to a problem similar to multidatabase concurrency; we express multisimulation synchronization as a scheduling problem where the goal is to generate \u201ccorrect schedules\u201d for time advancement and data exchange across simulators that meets the dependencies without loss of concurrency; (2) a hybrid scheduling strategy which adapts itself to the \u201cright\u201d level of pessimism\/optimism based on the state of the execution and underlying dependencies. We also develop two key optimizations: (a) efficient checkpointing\/rollback techniques; and (b) relaxation model for dependencies which guarantees bounded violation of consistency to support higher levels of concurrency. We evaluate our proposed techniques via a detailed case study from the emergency response domain by integrating three disparate simulators: a fire simulator (CFAST), an evacuation simulator (Drillsim) and a communication simulator (LTEsim).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549714553151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,17]],"date-time":"2014-10-17T01:58:17Z","timestamp":1413511097000},"page":"1268-1289","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Simulation integration: using multidatabase systems concepts"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Leila","family":"Jalali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharad","family":"Mehrotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nalini","family":"Venkatasubramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0037549714553151","author":"HAZUS-MH","year":"2003","journal-title":"User Manual"},{"key":"bibr2-0037549714553151","author":"Cho S","year":"2006","journal-title":"8th Conference on Earthquake Engineering"},{"key":"bibr3-0037549714553151","unstructured":"CAPARS. 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