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However, such simulation would be inefficient in simulation time for analysis of combat effectiveness of the C2 model against possible input combinations while considering the communication effect in combat operations. This study proposes a discrete event dynamic surrogate model (DEDSM) for the C model, which would be integrated with the C2 model and simulated. The proposed integrated simulation reduces execution time markedly in analysis of combat effectiveness without sacrificing the accuracy reflecting the communication effect. We hypothesize the DEDSM as a probabilistic priority queuing model whose semantics is expressed in a discrete event systems specification model with some characteristic functions unknown. The unknown functions are identified by machine learning with a data set generated by interoperable simulation of the C2 and C models. The case study with the command, control, and communication system of systems first validates the proposed approach through an equivalence test between the interoperable simulation and the proposed one. It then compares the simulation execution times and the number of events exchanged between the two simulations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549718809890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,28]],"date-time":"2018-11-28T05:46:23Z","timestamp":1543383983000},"page":"673-691","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Machine learning-based discrete event dynamic surrogate model of communication systems for simulating the command, control, and communication system of systems"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Bong Gu","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Convergence Technology, KT, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1017-1674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyung-Min","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval & Energy System R&D Institute, Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tag Gon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0037549718809890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118180310"},{"key":"bibr2-0037549718809890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2739922"},{"key":"bibr3-0037549718809890","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549717699872"},{"key":"bibr4-0037549718809890","unstructured":"IEEE Standard 1516:2010. 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