{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T13:36:16Z","timestamp":1777901776681,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1994,9,1]],"date-time":"1994-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":778377600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SIMULATION"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents a formal model for the interface between a simulation and a knowledge-based manager, and discusses the application of this model to practical simulation problems. Models of both the simulation and the knowledge components are presented, and issues of variable selection, time representation and communication costs are addressed. The model is then applied to a case study involving simulation of a small flexible manufacturing system. A knowledge-based scheduling system in the C-Language Production System (CLIPS) is interfaced to the FMS simulation written in SIMSCRIPT. In the context of this case study, a set of heuristics for selecting interface variables and for analyzing and reducing communications overhead are presented and discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/003754979406300303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,18]],"date-time":"2007-03-18T03:46:49Z","timestamp":1174189609000},"page":"143-158","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An Approach to Standardizing the Simulation to Knowledge System Interface"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Carol S.","family":"Russell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Mathematics and Computer Science Millikin University Decatur, IL 62522"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James H.","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky 40292"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adel S.","family":"Elmaghraby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky 40292"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1994,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207549008942851"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.1979.230182"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"CLIPS reference manual","year":"1988"},{"key":"atypb4","unstructured":"Fishwick, Paul A. 1988. \"Qualitative simulation: fundamental concepts and issues \" In AI and simulation: the diversity of applications, ed. Troy Henson, 25-31. San Diego: Society for Computer Simulation."},{"key":"atypb5","unstructured":"Fishwick, Paul A. 1989. \"Process abstraction in simulation modeling\" In Artificial intelligence, simulation and modeling, ed. Lawrence Widman, Kenneth Loparo and Norman Nielsen, 93-131. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc."},{"key":"atypb6","unstructured":"Floss, Peter, and Joseph J. Talavage. 1988. \"A knowledge-based design procedure for flexible manufacturing systems\" In AI and simulation: the diversity ofapplications, ed Troy Henson , 251-255. San Diego: Society for Computer Simulation."},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09511928908944424"},{"key":"atypb8","volume-title":"Simulation: A Problem-Solving Approach","author":"Hoover, Stewart","year":"1989"},{"issue":"10","key":"atypb9","first-page":"55","volume":"33","author":"Jain, Sanjay","year":"1990","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3916.3988"},{"key":"atypb11","volume-title":"Stubblefield. 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New York: John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003754977702900531"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003754978704800403"},{"key":"atypb17","volume-title":"System Theory: A Unified State-Space Approach to Continuous and Discrete Systems","author":"Padulo, Louis","year":"1974"},{"key":"atypb18","volume-title":"Computer Simulation Applications: Discrete-Event Simulation for Synthesis and Analysis of Complex Systems","author":"Reitman, Julian.","year":"1971"},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"In Proceedings of the 1985 Winter Simulation Conference","author":"Rozenblit, Jerzy W."},{"key":"atypb20","unstructured":"Ruiz-Meir, Sergio, and Joseph Talavage . 1989. \"A hybrid paradigm for modeling of complex systems.\" In Artificial intelligence, simulation and modeling, ed. Lawrence Widman, Kenneth Loparo and Norman Nielsen, 381-395. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc."},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207549008942808"},{"key":"atypb22","volume-title":"SIMSCRIPT II.5 programming language","year":"1987"},{"key":"atypb23","unstructured":"Widman, Lawrence E. 1988. \"Knowledge-based fault identification and 'what if' simulation in symbolic dynamic systems models.\" In AI and simulation: the diversity of applications, ed. Troy Henson , 89-94. San Diego: Society for Computer Simulation."},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207548908942642"},{"key":"atypb25","volume-title":"Theory of Modelling and Simulation","author":"Zeigler, Bernard P.","year":"1976"},{"key":"atypb26","volume-title":"Multifaceted Modelling and Discrete Event Simulation","author":"Zeigler, Bernard P.","year":"1984"},{"key":"atypb27","volume-title":"Object-Oriented Simulation with Hierarchical, Modular Models: Intelligent Agents and Endomorphic Systems","author":"Zeigler, Bernard P.","year":"1990"}],"container-title":["SIMULATION"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/003754979406300303","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/003754979406300303","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:09:46Z","timestamp":1777633786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/003754979406300303"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,9]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/003754979406300303"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/003754979406300303","relation":{},"ISSN":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0037-5497","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-3133","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,9]]}}}